258 Goats 



inwards and downwards. In the female the horns are short and simply 

 curved, flattened before and behind." 



Sir Victor Brooke, in a note to Mr. Abel Chapman, published in the 

 Badminton Library, makes the following observations : — "■ The Pyrenean ibex 

 are much larger beasts than those of the Southern Spanish Sierras. In the 

 Pyrenees they are scarce, and live on the worst precipices I ever saw an 

 animal in ; they go into far worse ground than the chamois, and are very 

 nocturnal, never seen except in the dark or early dawn unless disturbed." 



Distribution. — The Spanish side of the Pyrenees. 



h. Andalusian Race — Capra pyrenaica hispanica 



Capra hispanica, Schimper, CR. Ac. Paris, vol. xxvi. p. 318 (1848) ; 

 Rosenhauer's Thieve Andalusicns, p. 4 (1856) ; Busk, Trans. Zool. Soc. vol. x. 

 p. 118 (1877) ; Chapman and Buck, JVild Spain, p. 129 (1893). 



Ibex hispanicus, Gervais, Hist. Nat. Manini. vol. ii. p. 189 (1855); 

 Graells, Mem. Acad. Madrid, vol. xvii. p. T^^j (1897). 



Characters. — Very similar to the typical race, from which it is distin- 

 guished by its smaller size, and by the horns of old males being thinner 

 and more compressed, with the basal tranverse ridges well developed. 

 The short beard, which has been regarded as distinctive, does not appear 

 to be a character. 



Distribution. — The Sierras Nevada and Morena, together with the hill- 

 ranges of Andalusia and Estremadura. Although found throughout the 

 elevated cordillera of Central Spain, this race has its stronghold in the 

 Sierra de Credos. '■'■ This elevated point," write Messrs. Chapman and 

 Buck, " is the apex of the long Carpeto-Vetonico range, which extends 

 from Moncayo through the Castiles and Estremadura, forming the water- 

 shed of the Tagus and Douro ; it separates the two Castiles, and passing the 

 frontier of Portugal, is there known as the Sierra da Estrella, which (with 



