XV EFFECTS OF THE RAID 307 



kraals, deserted by their owners, who had been 

 driven across the river during the late raid made 

 upon them under Portuguese authority. Many of 

 the huts and corn-bins had been burnt. At this 

 place there stands on the bank of the river a square 

 house, with two compartments, having a verandah 

 all round it, which we afterwards learned had been 

 built about two years previously by a Portuguese 

 trader. In the afternoon we continued our journey, 

 and that evening slept near some Batonga kraals 

 that had been burnt by the Shakundas. Just at 

 sundown about fifty Kafirs came down to our camp, 

 each of them carrying from four to eight assegais. 

 The Enduna told us that all their towns and corn- 

 bins had been burnt, they themselves shot down, 

 and their women and children killed or carried off 

 into slavery by the Shakundas in the service of 

 Portuguese during the late raid. They now appeared 

 to be living in the bush, with the remnants of their 

 flocks and herds, the best way they could. He gave 

 us two goats, saying he was very pleased to see 

 Englishmen again, as he knew them to be men who 

 did not trouble people like the Portuguese. From 

 the description he gave us of the last three English- 

 men he had seen, they must have been Dr. Livingstone, 

 Charles Livingstone, and Dr. Kirk. When we asked 

 him if he had ever seen donkeys before, he said, 

 " Yes ; they had had one with them." 



November 22nd. — Early in the morning a man 

 came down and presented us with another goat. In 

 the course of the torenoon we passed through a 

 great many villages, all burned off during the raid ; 

 and at the little river Lufua we found a large party 

 of Kafirs, who seemed to have returned to the ruins 

 of their homes to brood over their misfortunes. 



