14 NEWFOUNDLAND CARIBOU 



shoulder (j. G. Millais measured one fifty-two inches), while 

 the doe is fully five or six inches shorter. In length the 

 stag varies greatly, but perhaps six feet five inches to nearly 

 seven feet would be correct, the doe being less by six inches 

 or more. The weight also is extremely variable— age, season 

 and conditions being the responsible factors. Three to five 

 hundred pounds is I should say within the range, while one 

 writer gives it as between five and seven hundred ; the does 

 are very much lighter, seldom exceeding a weight of three 

 hundred pounds. In colour the animals also vary, chiefly 

 with the season, but there is so much individuality that any 

 descriptions must at best be only approximate. Generally 

 speaking, the summer pelage is a rather dark mouse grey, 

 shading almost to white on the flanks and belly. Round 

 the eyes there is a more or less defined and fairly constant 

 white ring and the ears are, I think, always white, or 

 at any rate very light grey or bulT grey. In the 

 autumn, with the growth of the winter coat, the variation 

 in colour is extraordinary as will be seen by an 

 examination of the accompanying photographs. The white 

 neck is then a conspicuous feature of the stags, but in the 

 earlier part of the autumn it is not quite so noticeable in the 

 does. The flanks are usually white or very light bulT grey, 

 the under parts are the same colour, which, as a rule, shades 

 gradually upwards, the darkest colour, warm grey or brown, 

 being on the shoulders, along the back and on the upper part 

 of the hips. The tail shows conspicuously white and is 

 about six or eight inches long. The face colouring is 

 usually darkest from the back of the mouth almost to the 

 cheek-bone, the nose being either light grizzly grey or 

 white. The throat and the part below the ears is nearly 

 always white, so also is the throat mane, which varies in 

 length from a couple of inches to about a foot. The legs 



