196 



CANARIES, HYBRIDS, AND BRITISH BIRDS 



Oval-crest. — When tlio cresl is oval insteail 

 of the desired cireular shape. 



Over-capped. — Aiijilied lo tlie cap of a 

 Lizard wlien Iho light paleh on the head riu's 

 too far over tlie liaek. verjiiiii; into tlie 

 nock. 



Over-lapping Flights. — The lower feathers 

 of the wing overlapijing each other, giving the 

 wing an untidy, ragged appearance, due largely 

 lo a stagnant moult. 



Over-shown. — .\ hird which has been sent 

 to a large numlier of shows, and as a consequence 

 is showing the effects hy its plumage becoming 

 jaded or losing its usual sprightliness. 



Patchy-colour. — A bird uneven in colour ; 

 rich and pale colour on the same bird. 



Pencilling. — The narrow lines of darker 

 shade on the back of such birds as the Green 

 and Cinnamon Canary. The breast and sides 

 of the Linnet, Twite, lAcdpoll, and birds similarly 

 marked. 



Piebald. — .S. common phrase in the North 

 when describing a variegated Scotch Fancy. 



Pied-cinnamon. .\ cinnamon-coloured bird 

 whose colour is broken up by patches of clear 

 yellow or buff. 



Pied-tail. -Sec Foul-taii.kd. 



Pinched-skull. — Ap|)licable lo the entrance 

 or back of skull when the head runs olf naniiw 

 at the front or back — i.e. lacking normal widlh. 



Pink-eyed. — The eye of a decided pink shade 

 all over, not only the pu|)il; indicating Ihe 

 presence of Cinnamon blond, though the bird 

 may not show a cinnamon feather. 



Pipe-tail. — The feathers of the tail closely 

 folded, having a narrow, solid appearance, 

 similar in shape lo a pipe stem, with Ihe fainlcsl 

 indication of a \-shapeil nolch al Ihe li|), owing 

 to Ihe sha])e of Ihe fealliers : a desirable fealun- 

 in Yorkshires, Scotch ]''ancies, and other varie- 

 ties. 



Polish. — Sec LisTiii;. 



Pose. — Sec I'lisiriDN. 



Position. — (^arriagi' of a bird characleristie 

 of its variety. 



Primaries. — 'i'be llighl teal hers nt Ihe wing. 



Quality. .\ lerni applied chielly lo Die silk- 

 like lexlure of Ihe fealher; il may be good or 

 otherwise. 



Quick-action. A bird sniaii in mo\eineiil 

 when in ])oslli(in, such as llu- Scoleh I'ancv. 



Racy. A lerm used lo dcsciilic Ihe long 



l)ody and alerlness of a slylish Yorkshire. 



Radiation. A])i)licable lo Ihe fealliers radi- 

 ating from Ihe icnire of a bird's ci-esl. falling 

 evenly all round. 



Reach. — Letiglh of neck in a Seolcli l-'ancy 

 or I5elgian when Ihe bird is in posilicni and Ihe 

 neck is stretched lo its full extent. 



Roughness. — Plumage lining Ihe bod\ in a 



sloNenly manner : apparent more or less in all 

 long-feathered biiils. 



Rowing, or Rowed. — .A lerm ai)plied lo ihe 

 marking and work on the breasl of a Lizard. 



Rudder. — Lsed by some when referring lo a 

 bird's tail. 



Saddle. — That ])ortion of the back innne- 

 dialely below the shoulders. 



Saddle-marked. -.\ bird with mark on Ihe 

 saddle and Ihe remainder of the body clear. 



Secondaries. — The up])er half of tlie flight 

 feathers in the wing: those resting upon the 

 bird's back, the lower half of the llight leathers 

 being called the Primaries. 



Self. — .\ lerm applied to Cinnamons and 

 Crecns whose uniform lints are unbroken by 

 the intermingling of any other cohnu'. 

 Sheen.- -.S'cc Lustuh. 



Shield-crest. — A crest inclined to be shaped 

 as a shiehl : wide at the back, running olT 

 gradually lo a point al Ihe front. 



Sib-bred. — The progeny of relalicnis bred 

 in and in for a year or years. 



Side. — A term often used in describing a 

 Scotch Fancy, Belgian, or Yorkshire, as " length 

 of side." this adding to the merit of lliese birds. 

 Six-pointed. — Marked on both eyes, both 

 wings, and cither side of tail. .S'cc I-^venly 

 M AiiKrai. 



Slack. Plumage hanging loose, often in a 

 l)ronounced way. alHUit Ihe thighs. 



Slip-toed. 'Ihe hind toe I in-ning in below 

 Ihe toot in a forward direction. Ihe nail slick- 

 ing up between the fiiuit Iocs as Ihe bird stands 

 upon Ihe perch. 



Smoky. — Cohan' nol clear and blight in 

 lone : dull and cloudy. 



Snaky. — .\ leiin applied to the linely 

 moulded, ni'at lu'ad. and long, thin neck of a 

 Scotch h'ane\' or Hi'lgian. 



Snipy-head. - Ap])licable wheie the fore- 

 head is nndidy narrow and Ihe back of the 

 head of llie normal width. 



Soft. .\n indication llial Ihe bird is nol 

 (piile in its usual bright. spi'Ighlly ccmdition. 



Soft-moult. Continual dro])ping of fealliers 

 othei- than al Ihe |Hdpei- minilling season. 



Spangle.- The marks produced on the back 

 of a Lizard Canary owing lo each feather having 

 a dark eye in I lie centre, the fringe of the teathei' 

 being a lighter sliade. gi\iiig the spangling 

 ellecl. 



Spectacle-eyes. The <lesired eye marks 

 in e\ciii\ marked birds. 



Splashed. .\ conmion plirase used when 

 referring lo a marki'd bii'd. 



Split-crest.- The circular formalion of Ihe 

 ciesl. marred by a gap or gaps, as if feathers 

 were missing: sometimes caused li\ a slight 

 twist in one nr more feathers. 



