172 LÉPIDOPTÉROLOGIE COMPARÉE 



lying rolled up for some time. The first, after remaining quiet and 

 stretched out on a stem for a few days (the ground colour becoming 

 watery, and the markings paler, and several black dots appearing, 

 as if it hat been pricked), hung itself up by some silk on the I2th 

 day of July, and became a pupa on the r3th. In the case of the 

 second the change followed that of the first on the 20th of July. 

 The butterfly from the first emerged on August 2nd before five 

 o'clock in the morning... " {Stett. Eut. Zeït., XXVI, p. 2g). 



A more précise notice of the earlier phases of Cœnonymfha 

 tipho^i in Britain was published by the late Edward Newman 

 from observations made by him in 1864- 1865; and thèse are 

 repeated in his Natural History of British Butter fîtes (pp. 99-100). 

 I need not transcribe the entire passage; but will only quote his 

 remarks about the egg, and the first stages of the young larva. 



" The Qgg ", he writes, " is barrel-shaped, the sides convex and 

 delicately ribbed; it is attached to the lower extremity of the linear 

 setiform leaves of beak-rush {Rhyndiospora alba) on which it was 

 laid at the end of June, always singly, and generally only one 

 on a leaf, but sometimes two, and very rarely three. The young 

 caterpillars émerge in fifteen days, and crawling to the extremity 

 begin feeding; they feed during the day, and grow very slowly; 

 they rest on the leaves in a perfectly straight position, but on 

 being annoyed fall from their food on the grass, Sfhagnnm, or 

 other mosses among which the Rhynchosfora usually grows, and 

 there lie in a bent position, as if dead, until ail appearence of 

 danger has passed, when they re-ascend the leaves... At the end 

 of August those under my care ceased to eat... " 



Thèse larvae did not survive the winter, though provided with 

 a plentiful supply, while feeding, of their food plant, which kept 

 alive. But in the spring a further consignment was received from 

 the same locality, one of which was observed to eat a little 

 Eriophorum (cotton grass). But, as Butler remarks {Ent. Mon- 

 thly Magazine, Vol. Il, pp. 65-66), tlie beaked rush is evidently 



