154 



CLUPEID.^. 



1. CLUPEA FINTA*. 



Clupea alosa, Linn, in Hasselq. Reise Falsest, p. 430 (17G2), and Syst. Nat. i. 



p. 523 (1766), part. 

 Clupea sprattus (non Linn.), Sonnini, Trav. Egypt, p. 416, pi. xvi. fig. 4 (1800). 

 Clupea nilotica, I. Geoffr. Descr. Egypte, Foiss. p. 286, pi. x. fig. 1 (1827). 

 Clupea finta, Cuv. Regne Anim. ii. 2nd ed. p. 320 (1829) ; Giintli. Cat. Fish. vii. 



p. 435 (1868), and Fetherick's Trav. ii. p. 264 (1869) ; Vincig. Ann. Mus. 



Geneva, xx. 1884, p. 443 ; Bonleng. Fish. Nile, p. '^':), pi. xv. fig. 2 (1907). 

 Alosajinfa, Riipp. Beschr. n. Fische Nil, p. 5 (1829). 

 Alausa vulgaris, part., Cuv. & Val. Hist. Foiss. xx. p. 391 (1847). 



Body strongly compressed, its depth of to 3f times in total length ; 

 length of head S| to 5 times. Top of head somewhat concave, the 

 concavity bordered by two oblique ridges converging on the occiput ; 

 snout short, as long as eye in young, a little longer in adult ; eye with 

 a very distinct transparent lid in front and behind; diameter of eye 5 

 (young) to 6 J times in length of head, equal to interorbital width 

 in young, about f that width in adult; mouth large, oblique; upper 



Fi-. 123. 



Clupea Jlnia. 



Nile (F. N.). 



jaw notched in the middle, lower jaw slightly projecting, with small 

 teeth in young, toothless in adult ; maxillary large, extending to below 

 posterior third of eye in young, to below posterior border of eye or 

 a little beyond in adult ; operculum with radiating striae descending 

 towards the suboperculum. Gill-rakers slender, 20-28 on lower part 

 of anterior arch, the longest measuring J to | diameter of eye. Dorsal 

 small, 17-20, originating nearer end of snout than root of caudal. Anal 

 low, 21-24, originating a Utile nearer base of ventral than root of 



* The quotations in the synonymy refer only to African spccimoiKs. 



