300 CTPRINID.E. 



h. Anal with 10 or more branched rays ; lateral line on lower part of 

 caudal peduncle. 

 Dorsal fin originating in advance of the origin 



of the anal; belly, in front of the ventrals, 



rounded 8. Barillas, Ham. Buch. 



Dorsal fin originating above or a little behind 



the origin of the anal ; belly, in front of 



the ventralsj rounded 9. Xeobola, Vincig. 



Dorsal fin originating behind the origin of the 



anal ; belly keeled between the very large 



pectoral fins 10. ChelcetUops, Blgr. 



II. CoBiTlN^. Barbels three pairs or more ; pharyngeal teeth small ; anterior 

 part of the air-bladder divided into a right and left chamber, separated by 

 a constriction and enclosed in a bony capsule, the posterior part free or 

 absent; scales minute or absent. 

 Three pairs of barbels, none at the lower jaw ; 



dorsal fin opposite to the ventrals . . .11. ]Semac]llhts,\v^n Yiviss. 



1. LABEO. 



Cuv. E^gne Anim. ii. p. 194 (1817); Cuv. & Val. Hist. Poiss. xvi. p. 335 

 (1842) ; Heckel, Russegger's Reise, ii. p. 1024 (1843) ; Giinth. Cat. Fish. vii. 

 p. 45 (1868); Bouleng. Poiss. Bass. Congo, p. 209 (1901), and Fish. Nile, 

 p. 160 (1907). 



Abrostomus, A. Smith, 111. Zool. S. Africa, Fish. (1841). 



Tylognathus, Heckel, t. c. p. 1027 ; Giinth. t. c. p. ^2. 



Rohiticlithjs, Bleek. Atlas Ichth. iii. p. 25 (1863). 



Body more or less compressed, covered with small, moderate, or large 

 scales. Lateral line nearly equally distant from the back and from the 

 belly or a little nearer the latter. Mouth moderate or large, protractile, 

 inferior, with more or less developed lips forming a sort of sucker and 

 furnished on the inner side with a sharp cutting-edge covered with a 

 horny layer; barbels present or absent. Suborbitals not covering the 

 cheek. Dorsal with 11 to 26 rays, 8 to 23 of which are branched, 

 originating in advance of the ventrals. Anal short, with 7 or 8 rays. 

 A scaly process at the base of the ventrals. Pharyngeal teeth in three 

 series (3, 3, 5 — 5, 3, 3), with the crowns spoon-shaped and close together. 



Southern Asia and Africa. 



