7C BRITISH BIRDS. [vol. vi. 



is in 70°. On the Kol3mia I met with it breeding in 68|° 

 N. lat. It is more difficult to trace the southern hmits 

 of its breeding range ; it is only known as a migrant on 

 Saghalien, the Amoor, or southern Dauria, and has not 

 been found breeding on the shores of the Sea of Okhotsk, 

 but is found in the summer in the Minusinsk district 

 (about 54° N.), and I observed it in pairs in June in the 

 basin of the Alei (in about 51° N. and 81° E.) ; in the Ural 

 basin it breeds commonly down to 52|°, and was on one 

 occasion found breeding near Orenburg (in about 51|° N.) ; 

 it breeds in Ufa, Kazan, but not in the Samara Government 

 except in the Volga valley, where it breeds down to 5.3|° N. 

 Half a century ago the southern limit of its breeding 

 range was in the Volga district, and I am sure from per- 

 sonal observation during many years that it ^^•as never 

 met with in the basin of the Sura, in the Simbirsk and 

 Penza Governments, even as recently as the 'eighties, 

 but early in the 'nineties Mr. B. M. Zhitkov found it 

 breeding in the Alatyr valley on a tributary of the Sura 

 in the northern Simbirsk Government ; ten years later 

 it was numerous there, and since 1899 I have observed it 

 breeding in the Sura near Promsino, in about 54|° N.^, 

 and it is now quite common there ; in the first years of 

 the twentieth century it was found breeding still further 

 south, in the south-eastern parts of the Penza Government 

 (about 53|° N.) by V. M. Artobolevsky ; in 1896 N.N. 

 Malyskev, and in 1897 M. M. Khomiakov met with it 

 breeding in some numbers on the Oka in the Riazan 

 Government (about 54° 94' N. and 41° E.) ; in July 1884 

 a female with well-developed ovary was obtained near 

 Moscow, and in June 1881 the Terek Sandpiper was found 

 breeding on the River Kobodga in the Novgorod Govern- 

 ment (about 58|° N. and 35° E.). Therefore it is clearly 

 proved that its range is extending somewhat rapidly 

 towards the south-west in central Russia." 



According to Sandman several pairs bred on islands in 

 the Gulf of Bothnia in Finland in 1894 and 1895. Skin» 

 and eggs are preserved in the collections of Messrs. 



