Nomenclature ^'c. of a BinVs Anatonv/. 



117 



Ornithology/ No French expressions could be added, us 

 no French work exists which gives suitable synonyms. 



The chief measurements which are of importance for the 

 complete description of a Bird are : — Total length ; length 

 of wing ; length of tail ; length of tarsus, and also sometimes 

 length of the middle toe and of the claw of the middle toe ; 

 and length of bill, which in the case of Birds of Prey is 

 from the cere to the tip. 



The exact manner in which these measurements are taken 

 may have hitherto somewhat differed, but in order to establish 

 a universal uniformity of practice, the mode adopted by the 

 Author will be given in detail below, the methods being 

 based upon over thirty years' practical experience. 



German, Latin, English, and Italian Synonyms. 



