OF GREAT BRITAIN. 135 



tioned that the Rudd is constantly found in waters 

 in which no Bream exist, and that the Bream-flat 

 has been recognized only in a comparatively few 

 rivers, whilst in hundreds Roach and Bream co- 

 exist plentifully together, without either Rudd or 

 Bream-flats. 



The Rudd is the " Shallow " of Cambridgeshire, 

 the " Roud " of Norfolk, and the " Roach " (that is 

 the fish commonly so-called) of Ireland. 



It spawns in April or early in May, breeding, 

 as I have observed, very freely in water the con- 

 ditions of which are suitable, and owing to its 

 being remarkably prolific making a capital stock 

 for the feeding of Pike and Perch. As a live-bait 

 for the former it is particularly worth notice, its 

 glittering tints and the scarlet colour of its fins 

 giving it a bright and highly attractive appearance 

 in the water. It is also remarkably tenacious of 

 life. In its habits and general mode of feeding the 

 Rudd resembles its congener, the Roach. The most 

 remarkable differences between the two species (I 

 write with the fish before me) are as follows ; — 



In two specimens of the same length : The 

 body of the Rudd is a good deal flatter and deeper 

 than that of the Roach ; and the head is much 

 shorter and more " chubby," being in fact little 

 more than |ths of the length of that of the Roach. 

 The dorsal-fin of the Roach commences as nearly 

 as possible over the ventral fins, whilst in the 

 Rudd it is placed considerably further back. In 



