2 MAMMALS OF AMERICA 



cud. As a rule they lack the upper canine teeth. All of the North American Artiodactyls 

 have frontal appendages in the shape of horns or antlers, if not found in both sexes, at least 

 to be found on the male. The order is well represented on all the continents of the globe, 

 with the exception of Australia, but at the present day it has a far larger number of species 

 in the Old World than in the New; many of these from the former area belonging to groups 

 quite unknown in the latter. Although represented in the Arctic regions only by the Rein- 

 deer and the Musk-ox, Ungulates are found alike in the coldest and the hottest regions 

 of the globe. The maximum number of peculiar forms, as well as those of greatest size 

 are, however, inhabitants of the tropical and subtropical regions; and it is also in the warmer 

 regions that the greatest numlier of species occur. As regards the number of individuals 

 of peculiar species, many Ungulates far exceed any other of the larger mammals; this being 

 the case with the Bison, which but a few years ago roamed in countless thousands over the 

 prairies of North America, and with the myriad hosts of Springboks in the South African 

 veldt. Not only are the Ungulates widely distributed in longitude and latitude, but they 

 are also found at all elevations suitable for the existence of animal life; some of the wild 

 Sheep of the Himalaya ranging to elevations of fully twenty thousand feet above the level 

 of the sea. In time the order is an ancient one, being represented in the earliest stages 

 of the Eocene division of the Tertiar\- period, although the species were mostly small, and 

 in all cases widely different from any now living. 



The following diagram shows the division into families and species, in this country: 



ORDER OF HOOFED ANIMALS (UNGULATA) 



FAMILIES 



(In North America) 



