192c 



INTRODUCTION 



of the mountains from 6,000 to 9,000 feet. A few Canadian zone aspens were 

 found by Mr. Bailey on a cold northeast slope at 9,000 feet. 



The mesquite and catsclaw 

 slopes attract Desert Sparrows, 

 Phainopeplas, Palmer Thrashers, 

 Cactus Wrens, Verdins, and West- 

 ern Gnatcatchers, the berry-laden 

 balls of red mistletoe affording 

 winter food for the Phainopeplas 

 and safe nesting sites for the Cac- 

 tus Wrens; the ocotillo slopes and 

 hillsides in spring when their 

 flaming tubular flowers are full 

 of honey attract hummingbirds, 

 orioles, flycatchers, and warblers ; 

 the oaks, with their abundant 

 supply of both acorns and insects, 

 attract Band-tailed Pigeons, the 

 Ant-eating, Arizona, and Gila 

 woodpeckers, the Arizona and 

 Woodhouse jays. Bridled Titmice, 

 and many besides ; Avhile the pines 

 attract the Buff-breasted Fly- 

 catcher, Long-crested Jay, the 

 Olive Warbler, Mexican Creeper, 

 Rocky Mountain and Pygmy nut- 

 hatches, and others. 



As water is the great desid- 

 eratum in a desert range, ranches 

 where there are water tanks and 

 dripping faucets, and canyon bot- 

 toms where running water, or in 

 times of drought water holes and 

 small pools are to be found, are the especial resorts of the birds. 



Fig. 4. Characteristic vegetation ox the 



SOUTH-FACING SLOPE OF StONE CaBIN CAN- 

 YON OCOTILLO, GREEN PAD CACTUS, AND THE 



SLANTING STALK OF A CENTURY PLANT. 



Birds collected by E. W. Nelson, in June and July, 1884, in the 

 region of Gardner's Ranch on the east side of the Santa Ritas, 

 at about 5,000 feet, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 

 Mearns Quail Black-chinned Hummingbird 



Band-tailed Pigeon Costa Hummingbird 



Western Red-tailed Hawk Cassin Kingbird 



Zone-tailed Hawk Ash-throated Flycatcher 



California Cuckoo Olivaceous Flycatcher 



Ant-eating Woodpecker Coues Flycatcher 



Stephens Whip-poor-will Western Wood Pewee 



Western Nighthawk Western Flycatcher 



