Mule Dce» 



considering the fine technical points of difference, the described 

 forms are as follows. 



Virginia Deer. Odocoileus virginianus (Boddaert). Southern 



States north of Florida and Louisiana to the Middle States. 

 Northern Deer. O. virginianus borealis Miller. Rather larger 



and grayer. 

 Range. New England States and Canada to northern New York. 

 Banner-tailed Deer. O. virginianus macrourus (Rafinesque). 



Smaller and paler coloured. 

 Range. Kansas, Nebraska, and the Dakotas, etc. 

 Florida Deer. O. osceola Bangs. Very small, and exceedingly 



dark coloured, about one quarter smaller than the Virginia deer. 

 Range. Florida. 



Louisiana Deer. O. louisiance G. Allen. Similar but larger. 

 Range. Louisiana. 

 Texan or Fan-tailed Deer. O. texensis (Mearns). A small very 



pale deer with small antiers. 

 Range. Texas and northern Mexico. 

 Ari{ona Deer. O. couesi (Rolhrock). Small and pale in colour 



but with no black edgings to the ears. 

 Range. Arizona and Northern Mexico. 

 White-tailed Deer. O. leucurus (Douglass). Similar to the 



banner-tail. 

 Range. California to Washington. 



Mule Deer 



Odocoileus hemionas (Rafinesque) 



Also called Black-tailed deer. 



Length. 6 to 7 feet. Height at shoulder. } feet 4 inches. Length 

 of antlers. 25-30 inches. 



Description. Body heavy, ears very large, thickly haired, tail white with 

 black tip, naked below at the base. Pale dull yellowish in summei , 

 bluish-gray in autumn, front of the face between the eyes dusky, 

 rest of face, throat, abdomen and inside of legs white. Antlers 

 forking equally (dichotomous) and each prong again bifurcate. 



Range. North Dakota to Texas and Colorado and west to Washing- 

 ton, Oregon and northern Californa. Closely allied varieties occur 

 in California south of San Francisco. 



Unless we are familiar with an animal it is often difficult to know 

 the origin of the popular names that have been bestowed upon it. In 

 the present case we should on first thought picture a large heavy 



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