232 PAN 



FURTHi (Giglioli) ; 5". s. marungensis (Noack) ; S. kooloo- 

 KAMBA (Du Chaillu) ; 6". aubryi (Alix et Gratiolet) ; 5". pyg- 

 M^us (Schreber) ; S. p. fuscus (Meyer) ; 5". p. leucoprym- 

 Nus (Lesson) ; 5". p. chimpanse (Matschie) ; and S. p. raripi- 

 losus Rothsch., = S. fuliginosus (Schaufuss). 

 The arrangement of the species and subspecies is difficult to 

 understand as it does not anywhere appear that intermediates 

 of any of the recognized forms have been obtained, and the 

 geographical distribution of some of these would seem to pre- 

 clude one from being a race of the other, e. g. Pan schwein- 

 FURTHi from the Soudan and Uganda, and Pan satyrus from 

 Cameroon and Gaboon. They may exist, but I have never seen 

 any connecting links between those forms. Then it does not 

 seem advisable to consider P. fuliginosus an entirely black 

 Chimpanzee from the French Congo, as a race of P. vellero- 

 sus, a brown Chimpanzee from Cameroon, especially as it is 

 not known if their ranges approach each other at any point. A 

 number of figures are given in the text of different Chim- 

 panzees taken from life, which show the distribution of dark 

 and light colors on the face, and enable the different species to 

 be recognized, and keys are also supplied for distinguishing 

 the various forms. It has yet to be proved, however, that two 

 or more species of these Apes inhabit the same districts as this 

 Author believes, for at present there is no material extant that 

 enables this to be demonstrated. Thus far the material in the 

 Berlin Museum, which is, without exception, the most exten- 

 sive to be found anywhere, instead of assisting us to solve the 

 problem of how many species exist, only makes it more difficult 

 than ever, for the skulls present such endless variations, and 

 the skins, by the diverse coloring of the fur, and the different 

 hues and disposal of tints on the face, hands and feet, exhibited 

 at times in examples from the same locality, that it is practically 

 impossible to decide how many species really do exist, or if too 

 many have not already been recognized. Herr Matschie has 

 given much thought and study to this material, but was not 

 by any means satisfied, at the time I examined these specimens 

 with him, that the correct number of species had been demon- 

 strated. Also which examples represent races, and which 

 species, has by no means been ascertained. 

 The Author of this paper considers that P. calvus (Matschie), 

 (nee Du Chaillu), is the same as P. vellerosus (Gray) ; and 



