94 SALIVARY GLANDS OF LOWER PRIMATES 



I. Parotid 



The parotid gland is uniformly present and the duct invariably takes 

 the transmasseteric course. The intramural segment of the duct 

 appears to be longer in the Lemurs and CcbidcB. thus carrying the buccal 

 orifice further forward than in the Cercopithecidse. The gland is 

 relatively highly developed in the South American forms, chiefly 

 sub- and retro-auricular in position. 



Nyctipilliecus (Fig. 8) presents the greatest individual development 

 of the gland as a lobulated mass extending from the auricular and 

 submandibular regions into the neck. 



The South American tyjies are generally characterized by conden- 

 sation of the parotid elements into the single main gland, leaving the 

 parotid duct free without derivatives. In only one form, the specimen 

 of A teles shown in Fig. ii, two small accessory parotid lobules occur 

 along the course of the main duct. The same character of single 

 parotid with clean duct is found in the Lemurs. 



On the other hand the Old- World forms tend to glandular prolifera- 

 tion along the course of the parotid duct. Simia satyrus (Fig. i) 

 and Cynocephaliis Itamadryas (Fig. 5) afford good e.xamples of extensive 

 associate parotid gland development (d) along Stenson's duct. In 

 Cynocephalus sphinx (Fig. 3) and Macacus nemestrinus (Fig. 7) the 

 entire masseteric segment of the duct is enveloped by a glandular 

 mass continuous with the main gland. 



II. Intermandibular Complex 



The floor of the mouth, in the gutter between the tongue and the 

 alveolar border of mandible, presents three hues of sahvary glandular 

 development, of which two, the submaxillary and lesser sublingual, are 

 constantly present and appear developed independently of each other 

 in varjdng degrees in the individual lower primate species here de- 

 scribed. The third, intermediate in position between the other two, 

 is the inconstant greater sublingual gland and duct encountered in 

 certain forms. In them it appears either as an independent salivary 

 gland, with separate duct and orifice, or its duct unites in its terminal 

 segment with that of the medial subma.xillary gland, both opening 

 by a common parafrenular orifice. The three Unes of potential 



