no SALIVARY GLANDS OF LOWER PRIMATES 



development of the submaxillary complex and absence of th^ greater 

 sublingual gland. 



The submaxillary duct may be simple [Nyclipithecus trivirgatus. 

 Figs. 8 and 14), with relatively enormous unfolding of the main gland, 

 or compound, with accessory submaxillary glands empyting into it 

 (Ateles hvbridus. Figs, g and 15), or both accessory and secondary 

 submaxillary elements may be fully developed {Lagothrix humboldtii, 

 Figs. 10 and 16). 



In only one instance {Ateles spJ inter?) Figs. 11 and 25) a greater 

 sublingual gland was present in addition to all the submaxillary 

 derivatives. 



The two anthropoid apes here reported present in main congruent 

 conditions, corresponding accurately to two of the t>pes encountered 

 in the human adult. In the specimen of Simia shown in Figs, i and 18 

 the greater subhngual duct opens by a separate oritice on the papilla^ 

 distinct from the submaxillary duct. In the indi\'idual of Troglo- 

 dytes (Figs. 2 and 22) greater sublingual and submaxillary ducts are 

 united into a short common terminal segment with a single papillary 

 orifice. The portion of the subma.xillary gland corresponding to 

 the human accessory supramylohyoid segment is well developed in 

 Troglodytes, absent in Simla, where the entire gland is inframylohyoid 

 in position. In neither ape is there a secondary submaxillary 

 duct. 



The nomenclature here employed is a makeshift, necessitated by 

 the traditional designations of anthropotamy and by the terms em- 

 ployed in the comparative investigations of previous observers. 



The common genetic bed, from which all these glands take their 

 origin, suggests the propriety of designating them all as alveolingual 

 derivatives, and of further distinguishing three main components of 

 the group, which, mesolaterad, might be indicated as follows : — 



I. Derivatives of the medial alveolingual field: — - 



I. The main submaxillary gland and duct (/). 

 Glandula submaxillaris ; Ductus submaxillaris 



(Whartoni) B.N. A. 

 i'. Secondary submaxillary gland and duct, 

 i". Accessory submaxillary glands and ducts. 



