ANATOMY OF THE SALIVARY GLANDS IN THE CARNIVORA 171 



pierces the buccinator and turns forward along the stomal ridge to 

 open opposite the cranial cusp of the first molar. Tliis is the gland 

 described by Nuck, whose observation was made upon the dog. Seven 

 or eight elements are present. Their bodies form a series diminishing 

 in size caudad ; the second orbital is not more than a twentieth of 

 the size of the first. Their ducts pierce the buccinator obliquely and 

 open at almost equal intervals upon the stomal ridge. The ducts of 

 the second and third are somewhat larger than the others, but have not 

 so long a course in the mucosa as their homologness in the cat. 



The inferior alveobuccal glands are well developed, as a rule about 

 20 in number, extending from the cUastemal fold to the border of the 

 masseter, there ascending slightly. In these respects they resemble 

 closely those of the cat ; the individual elements are somewhat larger 

 and more easily distinguished through their connective tissue invest- 

 ment. In a pregnant bitch (Columbia Morphological Museum, 

 No. 2040, Fig. 7, 16) they are especially well developed, and the caudal 

 members of the series ascend along the border of the masseter at an 

 angle with the rest of the mass, towards, but not reaching, the parotid 

 duct. 



The submaxillary, sublingualis major, the lesser sublinguals, and the 

 isthmian glands conform closely to the type of the cat. The sub- 

 ma.xillary is proportionately larger and of very dense structure. In the 

 bitch above referred to, there is a small accessory lobule dorsal to the 

 duct and in contact with the upper pole of the gland, which is ir) is '^d 

 in the narrow interval between the chgastric muscle and the manUiole. 



URSUS THIBETANUS 



The preparation (Morphological Museum of Princeton University, 

 No. 1380) is from a young specimen. The parotid (Fig. 8, /) is large ; 

 it extends caudad upon the cephalohumeralis muscle and partially 

 overUes the submaxillary gland ventrad ; the three angles are less 

 marked than in the preceding forms, but are easily recognized. The 

 dorsal border is no longer concave, but forms a blunt angular projection 

 where it rests against the cartilage of the external auditory meatus. 

 The duct (2) emerges near the ventral angle and ascends slightly in its 

 course across the masseter. The orifice is at the extremity of a stomal 



