184 ANATOMY OF THE SALIVARY GLANDS IN THE CARNIVORA 



the middle of, the cranial surface. Finally they become reniform 

 and may even present a transverse fissure at the hilus. These changes 

 are present in increasing degree in Canis, Felis leo, Felis Domestica, 

 and Ursus thibetanus. In these forms there is evidently dorso- 

 ventral compression between the mandible, the masseter and internal 

 pterygoid muscles and the parotid gland dorsally, and the infra-hyoid 

 muscles ventrally. In Zalophus alone the submaxillary does not 

 reach the cephalohvimeralis, but is in apposition with an enormous 



d. e. 



Fig. 17. Schemata of the submaxillary gland in carnivores. 



a. Cat, embryo. c Raccoon. 



b. Sea-lion. d. Badger. 



e. Thibetan bear. 



l>Tnphnode at the ventral border of the digastric. Its axis makes an 

 angle of about 45° with the horizontal. 



The partoid (Fig. 18) tends to be confined by the auditory meatus 

 and the cephalohimieralis muscle. In Zalophus (a) the gland is 

 hardly large enough to be affected by these structures; at most a 

 rudimentary postmeatal process is distinguishable. In Felis leo (Z>) 

 the gland is molded upon the meatus; the premeatal and post- 

 meatal process are still small; the border between them is concave- 

 The processes are more marked in Fehs domestica (c) and Canis, 

 and these forms have also a loosely constructed ventral angle which 

 reaches forward along the duct and tends to develop a ventral process 

 descending upon the submaxillary. With further enlargement the 

 gland tends to extend over the cephalohumeralis and to fill up the 



