296 Hci.vrswM. 



mouth extends to below the middle of the eye. The angle of the 

 prseoperculum with a somewhat strong spine, pointing downwards ; 

 neck with an acute edge. The third dorsal spine is the longest, and 

 higher than the soft fin ; the second of the anal fin is rather stout, 

 and half the length of the first ray ; caudal truncated ; the pec- 

 toral reaches to the vertical from the fourth dorsal ray. Silvei-y, 

 with some blackish dots during life. (Tsch.) 

 Coast of Peru. 



8. CORVINA*. 

 Corvina, Ciiv. R^gne Anini. ; Cuv. Sf Val. v. p. 81. 



Body oblong ; muzzle convex, ^vith the upper jaw overlapping the 

 lower, and with the cleft of the mouth more or less horizontal. The 

 outer series of the jaws generally contains larger teeth ; never large 

 canines. No barbel. The second spine of the anal strong or very 

 strong ; dorsal fin transparent. Pseudobranch'iae. The air-bladder 

 with appendages. Pyloric appendages in small number. 



Mediterranean ; tropical parts of the Atlantic ; fresh waters of the 

 United States. East Indian Seas, several species entering the rivers. 



1. Corvina nigra. 



Tinea marina, Belluii. i. p. 111. fig. iu p. 113; Gesner, Paralip. p. 14. 



Coracinus subniger, Rondel, v. p. 126. fig. 2. 



Corvo di fortiera, Sttlrum. fol. 117rt; Willuqhby, p. 300. tab. S. 20. 



Coraciniis niger, Salvinn. fol. 118 6. 



Sciaeiia, sp. 2, Artedi, Synon. p. 65, and Genera, p. 39. 



umbra, L. Syst. Nat. p. 480; L. Gm. p. 1298 ; Rit^.w, IchtJi. Nice, 



p. 295. 



nigra, Bl. vi. p. 35. taf. 297. 



Johnius niger, Bl. Schti. p. 76. 



Sciuena umbra, Rosenth. Ichthyol. Taf. tab. 17. f. 1 



Coracinus chalcis. Pull. Zoogr. iii. p. 25(5. 



* 1. Corvina cplebica, Bleeker, Celebes, v. p. 244.— Mat-assar. 



2. dorsal is, Peters, Wiegm. Arch. 185.'), p. 242. — Mozanibiqur. 



3. clavigora, Cuv. tf Val. v. p. 101.— Sonogai. (Tho swelling of tlie 



spine of tlie second dorsal may be accidental in the individual.) 



4. Corvina biloba, Ch». i|- Val. v. p. 112. — Hah.'! 



5. Sparus argcnteus, Hoiiffui/v. Act. Haarl. xx. 2. p. 320 ; Lacep. iv. pp. 28, 



85, 91. — Corvi?ia argeniata, Cuv.^~ Val. v. p. 114. 



6. Corvina grypola, Richards. Ichth. Chin. p. 225. — Canton. 



7. Amblodon neglcctus, Girard, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sc. Philad. 1858, p. 167.— 



Texas. 

 Corvina oxyptcra, Dekaij, New York Fuitna, Fishes, p. 77. pi. 30. f. 'JG, pro- 

 bably belongs to Avthias, as I ha^- staled above. Willi the slightest 

 knowledge of fislies the author woulil have been enabltnl to perceive, that 

 a fish with vomerine teeth, and with a single scaly dorsal fin, cannot be 

 referred to O-rritia. The figure is bad, and does not agree with the 

 description, showing twelve siiiiies. whii.^l ten are slated in the desciip- 

 • ion, &c. &c. 



