1. SCOMBEE. 357 



continuous, wdth feeble spines, separated from the second by an in- 

 terspace ; five or six spurious fins behind the dorsal and anal fins. 

 Scales very small and equally covering the body. Teeth small, in 

 the jaws, on the vomer and the palatine bones. Two slight ridges 

 on each side of the root of the caudal. Seven brancliiostegals. Air- 

 bladder simple, sometimes absent. Pyloric appendages in exceed- 

 ingly great number. 



Inhabitants of nearly all the temperate and tropical seas ; not yet 

 found on the coasts of the temperate parts of South America. 



1. Scomber scomber. 



The Mackerel. Die Makreele. 



"ZKufji^pos, Aristot. vi. c. 17, viii. c. 12 & 13, ix. c. 2; AHUan. xiv. 



cap. 1 ; Athen. iii. 121, vii. 321 ; Oppian. Halieut. i. fol. 108, 109. 

 Scomber, Orid. Halieut. v. 94; Plin. ix. c. 15, xxxi. c. 8, xxxii. c. 11; 



3Iartiul, iii. ep. 2, iv. ep. 86, xiii. ep. 1 ; Ruttdel. viii. c. 7. p. 234 ; 



Salvian. f. 239. b. 241, 242 ; Gesner, fol. 57 ; Schonev. p. 66 ; Aldrov. 



ii. c. 53. p. 270 ; Willughhy, p. 181. tab, M. 3 ; Ray, p. 58 ; IStrom, 



Sondm. ii. p. 295. 

 Scomber, no. 1, Artedi, Genera, p. 30 ; Species, p. 68. 

 scomber (scombrus), i. Si/st. i. p. 492; Briinn, p. 68; Bl. taf. 54; 



Bl. Schn. p. 24; Lacep. iii. P. 24; Donov. Brit. Fishes, v. pi. 120; 



Penn. Brit. Zuol. iii. p. 332. pi. 51 ; Pall. Zooyr. liosso-Asiat. iii. 



p. 215; Bisso, Ichth. Nice, p. 170, and Ear. ller'id. iii. p. 412 ; 3far- 



tem, Reise track Vcnedig, ii. p. 432 ; Cuv. 8f Val. viii. p. 6 ; Fries och 



Ekstrom, Skand. Fisk.p. 128. tab. 29 ; Parn. Fishes Frith of Forth, 



p. 50 ; Yarrell, Brit. Fishes, 2nd edit. i. p. 137 ; Car. Regtie Anim. 



III. Poiss. pi. 45. f. 1; Nordm. t)i Demid. Voy. Russ. Merid. iii. p. 391; 



Owen, Osteolog. Catal. i. p. 61. 

 Scomber, sp., Gronov. Zoophyl, no. 304. 

 Pelamys, sp., Klein, Pise. 3Iiss. v. p. 12. no. 5. tab. 4. f. 1. 

 Didiamel, Peches, sect. vii. pi. 1. f . 1 ; Low, Fauna Oread, p. 218 ; 



Cetti, Hist. Nat. Sard. iii. p. 190. 

 Scomber vernalis, Mitch. Trans. Lit. <^- Phil. Soc. New York, i. p. 423 ; 



Cuv. Sf Val. -viii. p. 48 ; Storer, Fish. 3Iassach. p. 41 ; Dekay, New 



York Famia, Fishes, p. 101. pi. 12. f. 34 ; Richards. Faun. Bor. 



Avier, Fishes, p. 80 (Scomber grex et vernalis). 

 Cordylus scombrus, Gronov. Syst. ed. Gray, ^. 163. 



D. 11 (-14) I ^ I V. A. 1 1 ^ I V. Vert. 14/17. 



Scales exceedingly small. The height of the body is 6| in the 

 total length, the length of the head 4| ; the diameter of the eye is 

 one-fifth of the latter. Back bluish, with about thirty wa\ing black 

 transverse streaks. Air-bladder none. 



From the Mediterranean along all the coasts of Europe, crossing 

 the Atlantic, and found on the American coasts of the same latitudes. 



a. Half-grown. Dalmatia. 



h. Half-grown. Lisbon. 



c, d. Fine specimens. English coast. Purchased. 



3. Scomber auratus, Houtt.M6m.Harl. xx. p. 331 ; C.ScV. viii. p. S,'). — Japan . 



4. cliego, Ayres, Proc. Calif. Acad. Nat. So. i. ] Sf)?, p. 92. — I regj-et 



that I have not had access to tliis journal. 



b. punctatus, Couch, Rep. Pe?iz.Nat. Hist. Soc. 1848, pi. 3. f. 1, cop. bv 



Ynrr. Brit. Fish. 3rd edit. ii. p. 207.— Cornish coast. 



