16. ZEUS. 393 



Third Group. CYTTINA. 



Scombridce with two distinct divisions of the dorsal fin, the spinous 

 less developed than the soft. Body elevated, covered with very- 

 small or nidimentary scales, or with bony protuberances. 



16. ZEUS. 



Zeus, (Artedi) Cuv. Reyne Anim. ; Cuv. 8f Val. x. p. 4. 



Body much compressed and elevated ; cleft of the mouth wide. 

 Scales exceedingly small or entirely absent. Two contiguous dor- 

 sals, the first with nine or ten sj^ines, and not much shorter than the 

 second ; the anal with three or four spines ; a series of bony plates 

 along the base of the dorsal and anal fins ; another series on the 

 abdomen. Minute teeth in the jaws and on the vomer, none on 

 the palatine bones. Branchiostegals seven ; air-bladder large. 

 Pyloric appendages in exceedingly gi'eat number. 



Mediterranean ; eastern parts of the Atlantic ; Japanese and 

 Australian Seas. 



1. Zeus faber. 



Zeus s. Faber, Plin. ix. cap. 18, xxxii. cap. 11. 



Faber, Odd. Hal. v. 110; Colimi, viii. c. 16; Wotton, viii. c. 181. 



fol. 160 6; Sale. p. 203; Aldrov. i. c. 25. p. 112; Jotiston, lib. i. 



tit. 2. cap. 1. art. 18. tab. 17. f. 1, 2. 

 Citula sive Sancti Petri piscis, Paul. Jov. cap. 27. p. 98. 

 Faber sive Gallus marinus, {Rondel, xi. cap. 19. p. 328] ; Gesne); 



pp. 369, 439; Willughbij,^. 294. tab. S. fig. 16; Ray, p. 99. 

 Zeus, sp. 1, Artedi, Oenera, p. 50; Gronov. Zoophyl. no. 311, and 



3Ius. Ichthyol. i. p. 47. 

 Poule de mer, Duhamel, Peches, ii. sect. 5. p. 86. 

 Doree, Pennant, Brit. Zool. iii. p. 193. pi. 41. 

 Zeus faber, L. Syst. i. p. 454 ; Briinn. Pise. 3Iassil. p. 33 ; Bl. tab. 41 ; 



Bl. Schn. p. 94; Lacep. iv. p. bll ; Donov. Brit. Fishes, i. pi. 8; Risso, 



Icfith. Nice, p. 303, and P!ur. 3Ierid. iii. p. 379; Marteiis, Reise nach 



Venediy, ii. p. 435 ; Yarrell, Brit. Fishes, i. p. 183 ; Paim. Fishes 



Frith of Forth, p. 60 ; Cuv. i!f Val. x. p. 6 ; Cuv. Royne Anim. III. 



Poiss. pi. 60. f. 1 ; Gronov. Syst. ed. Gray, p. 128 ; Lowe, Travis. 



Zool. Soc. ii. p. 183 ; Webb Sf Berth. lies Canar. Poiss. p. 59 ; Gui- 



chen. Explor. Alyer. Poiss. p. 64. 

 Zeus australis, Richards. Ichth. Ereb. ^ Tei-r. pp. 36, 138. pi. 25. f. 1. 

 Slceleton : Rosenth. Ichthyot. Tufeln. pi. 13 ; Geoff)'. Ami. 3Ius. ix. 



p. 425. pi. 29 ; Ayass. Rech. Poiss, Foss. v. p. 31. tab. B. 



D. 10 I 22. A. 4 I 21. Vert. 14/18. 



Nine, eight, or seven, occasionally ten, bony plates along the base 

 of the soft dorsal, nine along that of the anal, but none at the base 

 of the spinous dorsal; each of the plates armed with a pair of spines; 

 scapular region with a slight ridge ; prseoperculum spineless ; a 

 series of spiny plates between the ventral and the anal. A roimd 

 black spot in the middle of the side. 



Mediterranean ; Atlantic coasts of Europe ; Australian Sens. 



(I. Fine specimen. Lisbon. Picscntcd by the licv. R. T, Lowe. 



