1. THACirUKUS 419 



First Group. CARANGINA. 



Cai-ami'uJd' with the soft dorsal and anal of nearly equal extent. 



1. TRACHURUS. 



Trcichiu'us, Cue. ^- Vul. i.\. ji. (!. 



Body slightly compressed, oblong, etwered with very small scales ; 

 the lateral line with a band of high ])lates- from the origin to the 

 end, each plate; with a curved spine. Cleft of the mouth moderate, 

 snout rather extended. Two dorsals ; the first less developed than the 

 second, with eight spines and with a horizontal anterior spine, di- 

 rected forwards. Two anal spines, separated from the soft portion ; 

 finlets none. Minute teeth in the jaws, on the vomer and on the 

 palatines. 8(!ven branchiostegals ; pscudobranehiaD present ; air- 

 bladder bifurcate posteriorly. Pyloric appendages in increased 

 number. 



Coasts of Europe and Africa ; East Indian and Australian Seas ; 

 temperate parts of the TVicifie. 



1 . Trachurus trachurus. 



The IIorse-JMackarel. 



Tpaxovf}os, AtJifii. \\\. •■>20 ; Oppian, Halieitf. i. ]). 5. 



Saunis, Salrian. fol. 70. 



Lacertiis s. Trachurus, Bellxni. p. 1.33 ; Gesncr, pp. 407, 552. 



Trachurus, Rondel, viii. c. G. p. 233 ; ScJionev. p. 75 ; Aldrov. ii. c. 52. 



p. 208; Jondo)), i. tit. 3. cap. 3. art. 1. tab. 21. f. 8; Willughby, 



p. 290. tab. S. 22 ; Raif, p. 92. 

 Scomber, no. 3, Artcdi, Genera, p. 31. 

 -. trachurus, L. Si/st. Nat. i. p. 494 ; Bl. taf 56 ; Bl. Schn. p. 27 ; 



Pa/L Zoogr. Ross. iii. p. 218; Donor. Brit. Fishes, i. pi. 3. 

 sp., Gronor. Zoophyl. no. 308, and Mus. Ichth. i. p. 34. no. 80 ; 



Duhamel, Peches, ii. sect. 7. p. 189 ; Pennant, Brit. Zool. iii. p. 237. 



pi. 51. 

 Caranx trachurus, Lacep. iii. p. 03 ; Risso, Ichth. Nice, p. 173, and 



Etir. Mcrid. iii. p. 421 ; Cuv. ^ Val. ix. p. 11. pi. 246; Parn. Fishes 



Frith of Forth, p. 57 ; Yarrell, Brit. Fishes, i. p. 175; Gai/, Hist. 



Chile, Zool. ii. p. 23-3 ; Ciw. Rk/ne Anim. III. Poiss. pi. 57. f. 1 ; 



Richards. Ichth. Chin. p. 273, and Ann. ^ Mag. Nat. Hist. 1843, xi. 



p. 25; Nordm. in Demid. Vog. Russ. Merid. iii. p. 393; Guichen. 



Explor. Alger. Poiss. p. 61. 

 Caranxomorus, Lacep. iii. pi. 11. f. 1 (according to Cuv.). 

 Caranx amia, Risso, Ichth. Nice, p. 174. 

 Seriola pictui'ata, Bowd. Exc. p. 123. f. 27 (v«ry bad). 

 Trachurus europffius, Gronor. Syst. ed. Gray, p. 125. 

 Caranx trachurus iaponicus, Schleq. Faun. Japon. Poiss. p. 109. pi. 59. 



f. 1. 

 Selar japonicus, Bleek. Verh. Bat. Gen. xxvi. Japan, pi. 8. f. 1. 

 Caranx symmetricus, Ayres, Proc. Calif. Acad. Nat. iSc. i. 1855, p. 62. 

 Trachurus symmetricus, Girard in U. S. Pacif. R. R. Fxped. Fishes, 



p. 107. 

 Caranx cuvieri, Lowe. Trans. Zool. Sor. ii. ]>. 183. 



2 i: 2 



