14 NAMES OF EXTERNAL PARTS. 



between the ears. It is particularly high in the head 

 shown in Fig. 300. 



The Neck (2) is separated from the shoulders by 

 a line which goes from the dip that is just in front 

 of the withers, to the depression which is made by the 

 union of the neck and breast. 



The poll (F) is the part which is on the top of the 

 neck and is immediately behind the ears. 



The crest (T) is the upper part of the neck, extending 

 from the withers to the ears. 



The jugular groove (U) is the groove which is on each 

 side of the neck, just above the wind-pipe. It is well 

 shown in Fig. 322. 



Breast and Chest. — The breast is the front por- 

 tion of the chest which is bounded by a line connect- 

 ing the points of both shoulders, and by the humerus 

 (bone between the shoulder joint and the elbow, p. 36) 

 on each side. Among horsemen who are unacquainted 

 with anatomy, the " breast " is frequently called the 

 " chest." At the risk of employing a word contrary 

 to colloquial custom, I would suggest that the term 

 ** chest " be applied exclusively to the cavity which 

 occupies nearly the front third of the trunk, and in 

 which the lungs and heart are situated. It is divided 

 from the belly (abdomen) by the diaphragm (p. 50). 



Shoulders (3). — The hne of union between the 

 shoulders and the neck is well shown in the majority of 

 harness and draught horses ; there being, in such cases, 

 a distinct depression immediately in front of the shoulder. 

 In well-shaped saddle horses, this dip between shoulder 

 and neck will be more or less difficult to trace. The 

 withers form the upper boundary of the shoulder. The 

 rear border of the shoulder may be taken from behind 

 the " swell " of the muscle which is just below the withers,, 

 to the elbowi 



