134 



EQUINE LOCOMOTION. 



he will shorten the distance between the points of attach- 

 ment of the muscle which draws the leading fore leg 

 forward, and will thus curtail its action. As the indica- 

 tion to turn, has, as a rule, to be given with the inward 

 rein, it is always well for the rider to try to check any 

 inward bending of the head or neck, by pressing the 

 outward rein against the outward side of the neck^ as 

 in Fig. 193. The chief value of the running martingale 



I'it"! I' "//J 



Fig. 193, — Nondescript Bending. 



[.iu>lAll :>K\\ ;\1A.S. 



consists in the fact that it prevents the outward rein, when 

 employed in this manner, from going too high up on the 

 neck of the horse. 



Buck-jumping is evidently an instinct which the 

 wild ancestors of our present horses acquired, in order 

 to rid themselves of the carnivorous enemies that pounced 

 on their backs. Naturally, the longer a breed of horses 



