xvi LIST OF BLACK-AND-WHITE ILLUSTRATIONS 



PAGE 



71. The Mammoth {Elephas pritnigenius') Facing 266 



72. Prjevalski's Horse (^Equus przevalskii) Facing 274 



73. The Evolution of the Horse's Tail 275 



74. Bones of the Hand or Lower Front Limb in Modern Artiodactyles, to 



illustrate Gradual Disappearance of the Side Fingers ..... 281 



(Wild Sow and Young ^ 

 Irish Pig |- Facing 286 

 Wild Boar {Sus scrofa) j 



76, Head and Neck of Roebuck, to show White Markings on Neck and Black 



Mark across Muzzle 295 



77. Examples of Roe Deer's Antlers, Ancient and Modern 297 



{Fallow Deer {Cervus davia) 1 



Fallow Deer (Unspotted Form) J ^'^'''^ 308 



79. Examples of Fallow Deer's Antlers 311 



80. The Gigantic Irish Deer (^Cervus megaceros): Antlers and Skeleton. Facing 314 



/Red Deer : Stag {Cermis elaphus) "J 



_ Red Deer: Hind and Fawn |- Facing 320 



\ Red Deer : Hinds J 



82. Gland Tuft on Hind Leg of Red Deer 324 



83. Stag in Early March without Antlers (to show Pedicle of Antlers) . . 325 



84. Red Deer's Antler of Pleistocene Period : dug up at Durham (British 



Museum) 327 



85. Example of well-developed Antlers in Stag of Twelve or Thirteen Years Old 328 



86. The Progressive Growth of a Red Deer's Antlers (first year hornless) . 330-31 



87. Examples of the Development of the "Cup" or Terminal Fork of the Red 

 Deer's Antlers 333 



The Saiga {Saiga tatarica) 1 



The Musk Ox (^Ovibos moschatus) j ^"^^"^ ^42 



89. Horns of a Ram {Ovis aries), from Achill Island, off the West Coast of Ireland 349 



{Highland Sheep {Ovis aries) \ 

 Soa Sheep, St. Kilda {Ovis aries) I Facing 350 

 Female Corsican Mouflon {Ovis musimon), to show Tail . .1 

 {Horns of Extinct English Bison {Bos prisctis) .... 

 Skull of Extinct Aurochs {Bos pritnigenius') .... 

 {European Bison {Bos bonasus) from Lithuania .... 

 Head of English Wild Bull, Chartley Breed {Bos taurus) 

 {English Wild Cattle : Bull of the Chartley Breed {Bos taurus) 

 English Wild Cattle : Cow and Calf (Chartley Breed) . 



4 



- Facing 356 

 Facing 358 



- Facing 362 



(Domestic Cattle : Kerry Bull {Bos taurus longifrons) . . .\ 

 Domestic Cattle : Long Horn Bull f ^""""^ ^64 



95. Probable Centres of Development and Migration Routes of Primates . . 369 



