AMERICAN NATIVE RACES OF MEN 209 



much to do with man, his appearance and development. 

 The equatorial regions appear to be better adapted for 

 negro types, and high civilization is not, as a rule, found 

 among the denizens of such regions ; the heat is too great, 

 possibly, to permit or stimulate mental or physical energy, 

 though in Northern Africa there was once a higher civiHza- 

 tion than at present. The finest products of the human 

 race appear to have developed in about latitude 32° in 

 Italy, Greece, Germany, Spain, Austria, Hungary; and 

 to thrive permanently in the latitude of England, where 

 the climate is not extreme. In other words, the student of 

 man would be impressed by an examination that climate 

 had much to do with his development. Whether this is so 

 it is not necessary to prove, but the most casual observer 

 will notice that the first great results in human intelHgence 

 were produced in countries like Greece and Rome (arts, 

 science, and invention), and it is difficult not to conclude 

 that climate is a very important factor in man's develop- 

 ment. 



Among the lowest tribes are Australian bushmen, who 

 are slowly dying out. In many of their ancient habits they 

 closely resembled the lower animals. Thus some have no 

 settled abode. They build a rough shelter wherever they 

 happen to be, roam about, have little or no idea of moral- 

 ity, and believe in killing the old and helpless so that they 

 may not become a burden on the community. These peo- 

 ple are being driven out by the incoming whites. Another 

 century and they will doubtless be but a memory. 



The American races are of particular interest. When 

 the Pilgrims arrived at Cape Cod, they found the entire 

 country peopled by what we call Indians. They were sav- 



HOLDER, MAMMALS — I4 



