112 SALMOiriD^. 



from the posterior margin of the orbit in a male 17 inches long, ana 

 just below it in a female 16 inches long. Body of the vomer with 

 teeth arranged in pairs, one tooth of every pair standing somewhat 

 behind the other. Fins moderately developed, the length of the 

 pectoral being one-half or less than one-half of its distance from the 

 ventral. Caudal fin truncated, with the lobes rounded, the middle 

 rays being more than half as long as the outer ones. Tail covered 

 with thin, rounded scales ; there are fifteen in an oblique series run- 

 ning forwards from behind the adipose fin to the lateral line. 



Sides bright silvery, with small, irregular blackish spots ; opercles 

 with a few rounded blackish spots. 



Lapland. This species is most probably non-migratory, as we 

 may infer from its dentition, praeoperculum, and caudal fin. 



a. Male, 17 inches long : not in good state. From Mr. Wheelwright's 

 Collection. 



h. Female, 16 inches long: not in good state. From Mr. "Wheel- 

 wright's Collection. 



a-h. From 11 to 15 inches long: not in good state. From Mr. 

 Wheelwright's Collection. 



X. Russia- and Tartary. 



Pallas (Zoogr. Ross. -As. iii.) describes, beside the Salmon, 

 Common River-Trout, 8. auhannalis, and a species from the Neva 

 and Terek, which he identifies with S. eriox, L., but names S. 

 spurius (p. 343), two other species, both from the Crimea. The first 

 is named S. trutta; but it is more than doubtful whether he has cor- 

 rectly determined it. As we have no specimens to decide this point, 

 we are not entitled to propose a change in the specific denomination. 



28. Salmo trutta (pallasii). 

 Salmo trutta, Pall. Zoogr. JRoss.-As. iii. p. 347 (not synon.). 

 Pallas gives the following description : — 



B. 11. D. 11. A. 9. P. 12. V. 9. 



Length nearly 27 inches. Upper jaw the longer, obtuse ; the 

 teeth of its outer margin larger ; smaller ones in double series on 

 the palate and along the middle of the palate ; " duo item majores 

 in apice," and smaller ones in two series on the tongue. In the lower 

 jaw there is 'a simple series of teeth, all those in front being the 

 largest. Caudal even, truncated, brown, somewhat fleshy. Colour 

 on the belly silvery, here and there with a black or red spot in the 

 vicinity of the lateral spots. Numerous black spots on the back, 

 towards the sides some ocelli with red centre, some red spots inter- 

 spersed among the black ones ; opercles of the gills with somewhat 

 large black spots. 



It is taken not unfrequently on the southern shore of the Crimea, 

 and in the mountain-torrents when it enters them in summer, having 

 been sometimes brought to me at Soldaja in the month of July. When 

 it ascends the torrents it is regarded by the natives of the Crimea as 



