158 SALMONID^. 



Scales small, especially those on the back (owing to the bad state of 

 the specimen the scales cannot be counted). 



Pallas says that this species ascends in g^eat numbers the rivers 

 of Kamtschatka and Siberia in the middle of July. Before and 

 during the spawning-time a hump is developed on its nape, and both 

 jaws are much bent. After spawning, in the month of August, all 

 the individuals perish. 



3. Oncorhjrnchus paucidens. 

 Salmo paucidens, Richards. Faun. Sor.-Amer. iii. p. 222. 

 B. 13. D. 12. A. 17. Vert. 66? 

 Back of head and body bluish grey ; sides ashy grey, with a reddish 

 tinge ; belly white. No trace of spots on the body or fins. Com- 

 missure of the mouth very oblique, approaching to vertical, dorsal 

 profile quite straight; tail forked. Teeth sparingly scattered and 

 feeble on the jaws, only a few short weak ones on the anterior ex- 

 tremity of the vomer and on the palate-bones. {Richardson.) 



This Salmon ascends the Columbia, and has an average weight of 

 three or four pounds. 



4. Oncorhynchus quinnat. 



Salmo quinnat, Richards. Faun. Bor.-Amer. iii. p. 219. \j?Girard in 

 Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc. Philad. 1856, viii. p. 217 ; and in Pac. R. R. 

 Exp. Fish. p. 306, pi. 67; ? Suckley, Nat. Hist. Wash. Terr. p. 321.] 



A migratory Trout from the Columbia River. 



This species is scarcely known ; it appears to be closely allied to 

 S. lycaodon, differing, perhaps, in having QQ vertebrae, 155 pyloric 

 appendages, and 17 branchiostegals. D. 14 A. 16. Dr. Gairdner 

 wrote in the description addressed to Eichardson, that the fish has 

 " large scales^' (a statement copied in the compiled notes of Suckley) ; 

 but we do not know what-sized scales were designated " large " by Dr. 

 Gairdner. The scales of the fish figured by Girard, and adopted for 

 Suckley's account, are decidedly very small. According to Richardson, 

 the vomerine teeth would be smaU, and disposed in a single series. 



Quinnat is the name given to this and, probably, to other Sal- 

 monoids by the Indians, and signifies " glittering," as Mr. Lord 

 informs me. It is very singular that the Welsh use the same word, 

 Gwyniad, for Salmonoids of a particularly silvery appearance. The 

 meaning of the "Welsh word is the same. 



5. Oncorhynchus sconleri. 



Salmo scouleri, Richards. Faun. £or.-A?ner. iii. p. 158, pi. 93, & p. 223. 

 Salar scouleri, Cuv. <§• Val. xxi. p. 346. 



B. 13. D. 14-15. A, 17. V. 11. L. lat. 170. L. transv. 33/44. 

 Form of the body rather slender [males with a hump of fat on the 

 back during the spawning- season]. Praeoperculum very short in the 

 longitudinal axis of the body, without lower Hmb ; it is as broad as, 

 or even broader than, the orbit. Maxillary feeble, straight, extend- 



