2 64 THE yiSCER.4. 



Ventrad of the external orifice of the urog-enital sinus is the 

 clitoris, a rudimentary structure homologous with the penis of 

 the male. 



The Ovaries {c). — The ovaries lie in the abdominal cavity 

 in the same longitudinal line with the kidneys and a short dis- 

 tance caudad of them. Each is an ovoid body about one centi- 

 meter long and one-third to one-half as broad. On its surface 

 are numerous whitish projecting vesicles, the larger of which 

 show clear centres. They are the Graafian follicles (best seen 

 in section), which contain the eggs. There may be present 

 one or more elevations of the size of the largest Graafian folli- 

 cles, but of a bright red or brown color. They are the corpora 

 lutea (sing, corpus luteum), — Graafian follicles from which the 

 eggs have been discharged. 



The ovary is held in position by the broad ligament of the 

 uterus, a fold of the peritoneum, which passes here from the 

 uterine tube to the adjacent body wall. The ovary lies in a 

 sort of a pocket formed by the broad ligament. In the natural 

 position the pocket opens ventrolaterad. The ovary is further 

 held in position by the ligament of the ovary (ligamentum 

 ovarii), a short thick cord which passes from the ventral face 

 of the ovary at its uterine end to the adjacent ventral surface 

 of the uterus. 



The Uterine Tithes {e).- — The uterine (or Fallopian) tubes 

 or oviducts are the tubes which convey the ova from the ovary 

 {c) to the uterus (/). Each begins with an expanded trumpet- 

 shaped opening, the ostium tubae abdominale {d). Its walls 

 are thin, and the mucosa of its inner surface is thrown up into 

 undulating, radiating ridges. 



The ostium {d) lies on the lateral side of the ovary {c) at 

 its cranial end, and the trumpet partly clasps the ovary. From 

 the ostium the tube (r) turns craniad, then mediad, and then 

 caudad, so as to describe a curve about the cranial end of the 

 ovary. It then extends caudad on tiie mediodorsal aspect of 

 the o^^ary to its junction with the uterine cornu {/). It is 

 sinuous throughout its course, and the first two-thirds (the 

 vestibulum) is of considerably greater diameter than the last 

 third. Throughout the last two-thirds of its course it lies in 



