THE ARTERIES. 



301 



also sends branches onto the dorsum of the hand at the sides 

 of the fourth metacarpal. Branches pass from these proximad 

 to the wrist. 



]■). Aorta audominafjs. TiiI': Aijdominal Aorta. . 



The abdominal aorta emerges into the abdomen from between 



the crura of the diaphragm, at about the 



level of the second lumbar vertebra. It 



passes caudad along the dorsal middle 



line, lying to the left of the inferior vena '' 



cava. It gives off parietal branches to 



the body wall, and visceral branches to 



the viscera, and ventrad of the first sacral 



vertebra it gives off two large branches on 



each side, the external iliac (Fig. 126, k) 



and the hypogastric (Fig. 126, /) — a very 



small median vessel, the sacralis media 



(Fig. 126, o), continuing the course of the t„e PA^fAR Arch 



aorta and passing into the tail. 



The aorta gives off the following 



AND 



ITS Branches in the 

 Palm of the Hand. 



The interosseous 



mus- 



branches: A. coeliaca; A. mesenterica cies have been removed, 



adrenolu 

 nales ; A. mesenterica inferior ; Aa. ilio- 



superior ; Aa. adrenolumbales ; Aa. re- r.^.^'^Crdil'" ''^' 



I, M. 



abductor digiti quinti; 2, 



,,, *ii_i-/ • \ i- Mm. interf)ssei of third 



lumbales; Aa. lumbales (seven pairs); and fourth digits; 4, m. 

 Aa. iliacee externae ; Aa. hypogastricae. adductor poiiicis; 5, m. 



flexor brevis polhcis. a, 

 A. A. coeliaca (Fig. 125). Thecoeliac termination of radial artery; 



artery is a large branch which is given off ^'' ^^=^,''.^'■^11; f- ^-.P""- 



•' ° ° ceps poliicis et indicis; a, 



from the aorta one centimeter or less Aa. interossere; r, muscu- 



1 1 r ,1 • „ • i-i ]• 1 lar branches of tlie same; 



caudad of the openmg m the diaphragm. ^^ A.^inaris; g, deep pall 



It passes directly ventrad about three or mar branch of ulnarnerve. 



four centimeters, then divides, usually at once, into three 

 branches. The most cranial of these is the hepatic [d), the 

 next is the gastrica sinistra {e), while the third and largest, 

 seeming to form a continuation of the coeliac, is the splenic (/) 

 (A. lienalis). The coeliac artery may give rise also, before its 

 division, to the two phrenic arteries (which, however, usually 

 arise from the adrenolumbales), and either before or at the point 

 of division to one or two small Aa. ventriculi dorsales, which, 

 however, frequently arise from the gastrica sinistra. 



