PR/ICTICAL DIRECTIONS. 435 



3. The corrugator supercilii medialis (Fig. 63, b). 



4. The orbicularis oculi (Fig. 63, c; Fig. 64, s). 



5. The corrugator superciHi lateraHs (Fig. 64, k). 



6. Notice the frontoauricularis if it exists. 



7. Tlie levator auris longus (Fig. 63, g, g'). Transect and 

 reflect. 



8. The auricularis superior (Fig. 63, k). Transect. 



9. The abductor auris longus (Fig. 63, m). Transect. 



10. The abductor auris brevis (Fig. 63, /). Tran.sect. 



11. The epicranius (Fig. 63, //,//), In dissecting this muscle 

 the intermedius scutuloruin and corrugator supercilii medialis may 

 be cut by an incision parallel to the middle line but a short distance 

 to one side of it, 



12. The zygomaticus (Fig. 64, d). This and the two following 

 muscles may usually be best seen running beneath the fibres of the 

 platysma, without reflecting the latter. If necessary, however, the 

 platysma may be transected and reflected, though this can be done 

 only with great difficulty. 



13. The submentalis (Fig. 64, c). 



14. The depressor concha? (Fig. 64, b). 



The zygomaticus, submentalis, and depressor conchae should 

 now be transected one or two centimeters from the external ear. 

 The corrugatores supercilii lateralis and medialis may be cut across 

 between the eye and the ear, and reflected. There is thus exposed: 



15. The frontoscutularis. Transect near the scutiform cartilage. 



16. The adductor auris inferior (Fig. 64, 0). Transect near its 

 insertion. 



The external ear is now attached to the head only by the external 

 auditory meatus and the tragicus lateralis muscle. Read the descrip- 

 tion of the latter (p. 418, and Fig. 67, a), find it beneath the fat 

 which surrounds the proximal portion of the external ear, and cut it 

 as far ventrad as possible. Now cut across the cartilaginous auditory 

 meatus as near to the tympanic bone as possible, and remove the 

 external ear, preserving it for future study. (The remainder of the 

 muscles of the external ear may be studied in connection with the 

 study of the auditory organ.) 



17. The orbicularis oris (p. 105 and Fig. 64, z ). 



18. The zygomaticus minor, if it exists (p. 105, and Fig. 64, e). 



19. The quadratus labii superioris (p. 105). 



a. The levator labii superioris proprius (Fig. 64, y"). 



b. The levator labii superioris alajque nasi (Fig. 64, g). 



20. The caninus (p. 106, and Fig. 64,/"'). 



21. The buccinator (p. 106). 



22. The myrtiformis (p. 106, and Fig. 64, h). 



23. The " moustachier " (p. 107). 



24. The quadratus labii inferioris (p. 107). 



