452 APPENDIX. 



sory duct in the same way on the ventral side of the pancreas, two 

 centimeters caudoventrad of the ampulla of Vater. Prick and inflate. 

 Trace its connection with the main duct. To demonstrate its open- 

 ing pass a bristle through an opening in it into the duodenum.) 

 (The pancreatic duct may be injected, if desired.) 



XI. The ventral wall of the duodenum should now be removed. 

 Cut out a small piece, clean its mucosa with a fine brush and 

 examine the villi with a lens. Demonstrate the coats of the duodenal 

 wall by stripping them off with forceps. 



XII. The ampulla of Vater (p. 236). Pass bristles through 

 openings in the common bile-duct and pancreatic duct into the 

 duodenum through the ampulla. Slice away the duodenal wall 

 parallel to the bristles until the bristles are exposed. 



XIII. The spleen (p. 242, and Fig. 102). 



XIV. Cut the mesentery from the small intestine and colon and 

 slit them both lengthwise, but do not destroy the ileocolic valve. 

 Wash and brush the mucous membrane clean and study the villi, 

 solitary glands, and Peyer's patches. Study the ileocolic valve 

 (Fig. 99) and open it to study its inner surface. 



DISSECTION OF THE ORGANS OF RESPIRATION. 



I. The nasal cavity (p. 243). Review the description of the 

 nasal cavity given under the Bones (p. 59). Study the cartilaginous 

 framework that supports the external nose (p. 243); make a cross- 

 section of the framework near the end of the nose and verify the 

 description (p. 244, and Fig. 103). Without injuring the larynx or 

 tongue saw through the head in a vertical plane and a little to one 

 side of the median line. (If desired, the brain may first be removed 

 from the specimen and preserved for future study. For directions, 

 see page 462. The removal of the brain does not injure the head 

 for the study of the nasal cavity; the skull may be sawn lengthwise 

 in the same way as before. ) Wash out the cut surfact-s before 

 examining. Find the ventral conchse (p. 40), the labyrinths of the 

 ethmoid (p. 43), the inferior meatus of the nose (p. 243), and by 

 bristles the lachrymal duct or canal (p. 245). The lachrymal 

 duct is conveniently found by passing bristles into the openings 

 of the lachrymal canals. One of these is to be found on the border 

 of each eyelid, two or three millimeters from the inner angle of the 

 eye (see p. 410). 



Cut the oesophagus and trachea at the point where the blowpipe 

 was inserted into the trachea. Separate the tongue, hyoid, larynx, 

 (esophagus, and first part of the trachea from the adjacent i)arts and 

 remove them. 



II. The larynx (p. 246). (i) Read the description, studying the 

 cartilages (p. 247) on a preparation (Fig. 104). Then very carefully 

 remove the pharynx and its constrictor muscles, the sternothyroid 

 and remains of sternohyoid muscles, and (2) dissect the muscles of 



