AWARD AND DECLARATIONS. 77 



of either Goverinneut upon tlie facts found to be the subject of further 

 neofotiation ;'' 



And whereas the President of the United States of America named 

 the Honorable John M. Harhm, Justice of the Supreme Court of the 

 United States, and the Honorable John T. Morgan, Senator of tlie 

 United States, to be two of the said Arbitrators, and Her Britannic 

 Majesty named the Eight Honorable Lord Hannen and the Honorable 

 Sir John Thompson, minister of justice and attorney- gen era! for Can- 

 ada, to be two of the said Arbitrators, and His Excellency the Presi- 

 dent of the French Eepnblic named the Baron de Courcel, Senator, 

 Ambassador of France, to be one of the said Arbitrators, and His 

 Mnjesty the King of Italy named the Marquis Emilio Visconti Venosta, 

 former Minister of Foreign Affairs and Senator of the Kingdom of 

 Italy, to be one of the said Arbitrators, and His Majesty tlie King 

 of Sweden and Norway named Mr. Gregers Gram, minister of state, 

 to be one of the said Arbitrators; 



And whereas We, the said Arbitrators, so named and appointed, 

 having taken upon ourselves the burden of the said Arbitration, and 

 ha^dng duly met at Paris, proceeded impartially and carefully to exam- 

 ine and decide all the questions submitted to us, the said Arbitrators, 

 under the said Treaty, or laid before us as provided in the said Treaty 

 on the i)art of the Governments of Her Britannic Majesty and the 

 United States, respectively; 



Kow We, the said Arbitrators, having impartially and carefully 

 examined the said questions, do in like manner by this our Award 

 decide and determine the said questions in manner following, that is to 

 say, we decide and determine as to the fivei)oints mentioned in Article 

 VI as to which our Award is to embrace a distinct decision upon each 

 of them : 



As to the first of the said five points. We, the said Baron de Courcel, 

 Mr. Justice Harlan, Lord Hannen, Sir John Thompson, Marquis Vis- 

 conti Venosta, and Mr. Gregers Gram, being a majority of the said Arbi- 

 trators, do decide ami determine as follows: 



By the Ukase of 1821 Russia claimed jurisdiction in the sea now 

 known as the Bering's Sea to the extent of 100 Italian miles from the 

 coasts and islands belonging to her, but, in the course of the negotia- 

 tions which led to the conclusion of the Treaties of 1824 with the 

 United States and of 1825 with great Britain, Russia admitted that 

 her jurisdiction in the said sea should be restricted to the reach of can- 

 non shot from shore, and it appears that from that time up to tlie time 

 of the cession of Alaska to the United States Russia never asserted 

 in fact or exercised any exclusive jurisdiction in Bering's Sea or any 

 exclusive rights in the seal fisheries therein beyond the ordinary limit 

 of territorial waters. 



As to tlie second of the said five points, We, the said Baron de Cour- 

 cel, Mr. Justice Harlau, Lord Hauuen, Siv Joha TUompsou, Marquis 



