107 



Sea was often referred to as constituting a part of tlie Pacific Ocean or 

 South Sea, or the Xorth Pacific Ocean. These facts explain how it was 

 that the treaty of 1821 described the Great Ocean, on which there 

 shouhl be free(h:)in of navigation and fishing, as the body of waters com- 

 monly called the Pacific Ocean or South Sea. This description was 

 first suggested in the projet presented to the Russian Government by 

 Mr. Middleton, the American minister at St. Petersburg, the words of 

 which were, "in any part of the Great Ocean, vulgarly called the Pacific 

 or South Sea." American State Papers, Vol. 5, p. 464. 



Ibid, Vol. 1,1). 42: "Bering's Straits, wliicli is the passage from the North 

 Pacific Oceau to the Arctic Sea." 



Brooke's General Gazcleer, 1802: "Bering's Island — An island in the Pa- 

 cific Oceau." 



Montefiore's Commercial Dictionary, 1S03 : "Kamschatka — Bounded on the east 

 and south by the North Pacific Ocean." 



CrutttweWs New Universal Gazcleer, 1808 : "Kaiuschatka — Peninsula, bounded 

 on the east and south by the North Pacific Oceau. 



Eees's Cijclopadia, Vol. 26, London, 1819. — "Pacific Ocean, or South Sea, iu geog- 

 raphy, that vast ocean which separates Asia from America. It is called Pacific 

 from the moderate weather which the first mariners who sailed in it met with 

 between the tropics; and it was called the Soath Sea because the Spainards 

 crossed the isthmus of Darien from north to south. It is properly the western 

 ocean with regard to America. Geographers call the Soutli Sea Mare Pacificum, 

 the Pacific Ocean as being less infested with storms tliau the Atlantic. * # » 

 This ocean is divided into two great parts. That lying east from Kamgchatka, 

 between Siberia and America, is eminently styled the Eastern or the Pacific 

 Ocean; that on the west side from Kamschatka, between Siberia, the Chinese 

 Mongoley, and the Kwielly Islands is called the Sea of Okliotsk. From the 

 different places it touches it assumes difi^erent names, e. g , from the place where 

 the river Anadyr falls into it, it is called the Sea of Anadyr, about Kamschatka, 

 the Sea of Kamschatka; and the bay between the districts of Okhotsk and 

 Kamschatka is called the Sea of Okhotsk." 



Encyclopedie Miilhodique Geographie, Paris, Vol. 2, p. 501: "2d. L'Oci^au pacifl- 

 que, la mer du sud, ou la grand mer, qui est situde entre les cotes orientales 

 d'Asie, et occidentales d'Amerique." 



(The Pacific Ocean, the South Sea, or the Great Sea, which is situated between 

 the coasts of Asia and the western coasts of America.) 



Encyclop^die du Dix-Neuvieme Siecle (Eucyclopjedia of the 19th Century), 

 Paris, Vol. 17, p. 429; Ocean Pacifique ou raer du sud, appelce aussi grande Mer 

 entre I'Araerique et I'Asie, entre le cercle polaire du nord et colui du sud. (The 

 Pacific Ocean, or the South Sea, called also the Great Sea, between America and 

 Asia, and between tlie northern polar circle and the southern.) 



Edinburgh Gazeleer, 1822. Vol. 1, p. 432: " Behriug's Island — an island in the 

 North Pacific Oceaa." 



