SYNGNATHID-S:. 153 



Fam. 2. SYNGNATHID^. 



Syngnathidae, Kaup, Lophobr. p. 5. 



Gill-openings reduced to a very small opening near 

 the upper posterior angle of the gill-cover. One soft 

 dorsal fin ; no ventrals, and sometimes one or more of 

 the other fins also absent. 



Chiefly marine fishes, occurring in all parts of the tropical and 

 temperate regions ; many species entering fresh waters. 



Synopsis of the Genera. 



First Group. Syugnathina. 

 Tail not prehensile, generally ivith a caudal Jin. 

 I. Humeral bones moveable 1. Siphonostoma, p. 154. 



II. Humeral bones united ; caudal fin present ; male with the egg-pouch on 

 the tail. 



Pectorals well developed ; dorsal edges of trunk and tail not continuous ; 



dorsal fin opposite or near to the vent ... 2. Syngnathus, p. 155. 

 Pectorals present ; dorsal edges of trunk and tail continuous, if distinct ; 



dorsal fin opposite or near to the vent ... 3. Ichthyocampus, p. 176. 



Pectorals absent 4. Nannocampus, p. 178. 



Dorsal fin placed at a great distance behind the vent. 



5. Urocampus, p. 179. 



III. Humeral bones united ; pectoral and caudal fins present ; male with the 



egg-pouch on the abdomen. 



Bidges of the body prominent and distinct ; caudal fin not unusually long. 



6. DORYICHTHYS, p. 179. 



[Caudal fin very long Leptoichthys, p. 187.] 



Only the dorsal ridges are distinct 7. Ccelonotus, p. 188. 



IV. Caudal fin none ; male with the egg- pouch on the tail ; body depressed. 



8. Stigmatopiiora, p. 189. 



V. Pectoral fins none ; caudal absent or rudimentary ; male with the ova at- 

 tached to the abdomen, without closed pouch. 



Adipose fins none 9. Nerophis, p. 190. 



Adipose fins along the trunk and tliil 10. Protocampus, p. 193. 



Second Group. Hippocampina. 



Tail without caudal Jin, prehensile. 



I. Body depressed 11. Gastrotokeus, p. 194. 



II. Body compressed, not or scarcely dilated. Shields hard, rugose, without 

 elongate processes 12. Solenognathus, p. 195. 



III. Body compressed. Shields with elongate processes ; occiput not compressed. 



13. Phyllopteryx, p. 196. 



