386 



(wucuAiain.T?. 



M. vulgaris, being common in the Mediterranean and neiglibouring 

 parts of the Atlantic, extending to the coasts of the United States 

 and to the Cape of Good Hope. 



a. Adult male. Lisbon. Presented by the Itev. R. T. Lowe. 



b. Adtdt male. Lanzarote. Presented by the llev. R. T. Lowe. 



c. d. Adult male and half-grown female. Madeira. 



e-f. Adult : stuffed. Cape of Good Hope *. From Sir^A. Smith's 



Collection. 

 g. Adult : stuffed. New York. 



North- American writers mention, under the name of Mustelus 

 canift, a Shark which nppears to be either ]\f. vulgaris or M. la^vis ; 

 possibly both species are confounded under that uame, as was the 

 case for a long time with the two European forms. The references 

 to the following works should be given : — Squalits canis, Mitch. Lit. 

 «& Phil. Trans. New York, i. p. 48G ; Mustehis canis, Dekay, New 

 York Faun. Fish. p. 355, pi. 64. fig. 209 ; Storer, ^lem. Amor. Ac. ii. 

 p. 505 ; Poey, Repert. Fis.-nat. Cuba, L868, p. 453. 



2. Mustelus vulgaris. 



Galeus asterias, Rondel, p. 377. 



Mustelus Itevis, Salv. p. 137, pi. 44 (cop. by Willughh;/, p. 60, pi. B5. 



fig. 2 ; and Jonston, De Pise. p. 20, tab. 8. fig. 6) ; Yarr. Brit. Finh. 



2nd edit. ii. p. -'512 ; Parnell, Werner. Mem. vii. p. 410. 

 (laleus la3vis, Gesner, T)c Aqnat. p. 016. 

 Smooth Hound, Pnm. Brit. Zool. iii. p. 102, pi. 10, or, edit. 1812, iii. 



p. ir,l ; Couch, Fish. Brit. Isl. i. p. 47, pi. 10. 

 Squahis emissole, Lnccp. i. p. 242. 



PSqualna mustelus t, Bl. Schn. p. 128; Risso, Ichtlt. iV/c^, p. 33. 

 ? Mustelus stellaris, Risso, Eur. Merid. iii. p. 120. 

 Galeorhinus hiunulus, Blainv. Faun. Frunq. p. 83, pi. 20. fig. 2; 



Thompson, Ann. Nat. Hist. 1839, ii. p. 272, or Nat. Hist. Irel. iv. 



p. 2r)2. 

 Galeus mustelus, Jjeach, Wern. Mem. ii. p. 03, pi. 2. fig. 3. 

 Mustelus plebejus, Bonap. Faun. Ital. Pesce. 



vulgaris (part.), Midi. Sf Henle,-^. 04. 



vulgaris, Midi. 8,- Henle, p. 190, pi. 27. fig. 1 ; Midi Ahhandl. Ak. 



Wiss. Berlin, 1840, p. 187, pi. 3. fig. 2 ; Yarrell, Brit. Fish. 3rd edit. 



ii. p. 495 ; Dumcril, Elasmobr. p. 400, pi. 3. figs. 1-3 (teeth) ; Bocage 



Hf Capello, Pei.v. Plagiost. p. 16. 



Embryo not attached to the uterus by a placenta. Snout mode- 

 rately produced, the length of its prffioral portion being equal to the 

 distance between the angles of the mouth. All the teeth obtuse, with- 

 out points. Origin of the dorsal fin nearly opposite to the middle 

 of the inner margin of the pectoral fin. Uniform greyish, or with 



* These specimens would perhaps be referred by others to Mustelus natalensis, 

 Stoindachncr, Sitzgsber. Ak. Wiss. Wion, ]8f;(>, Ijii. p. 482, pi. 1 , which has been 

 founded on a younp example with obtusely tricuspid teeth. I regard them as 

 identical with M. lcBi<is. 



t Squalus mu.itelns, Gronov. Syst. ed. Gray, p 4, is probably a young Car- 

 cliaria-^ ; Oie typifiil specimen is the skin of a fnntus in very bad r>ondition. 



