389 



Fam. 2. LAMNIDiE. 



The first dorsal opposite to the space between the 

 pectoral and ventral fins, without spine ; an anal fin. 

 No nictitating membrane. Mouth crescent-shaped, 

 inferior ; nostrils not confluent with the mouth. 

 Gill-openings generally wide. Spiracles none, or 

 minute. 



Group A. LAMNINA. 



12. LAMNA. 



Lamna. Cuvkr. 



Oxyrhin.a, Agassiz. 



Lamna et Oxyrhina, Miillei- l^ Henle. 



The first dorsal fin opposite to the space between the pectoral and 

 ventral fins, without spine ; the second and the anal very small. A 

 pit at the root of the caudal, which has the lower lobe much deve- 

 loped. Side of the tail with a keel. No membrana nictitans. 

 Spiracles none*. Mouth wide. Teeth large, lanceolate, not ser- 

 rated, sometimes with additional basal cusps. Gill-openings very 

 wide. 



Temperate and tropical seas. 



1. Lamna cornuhica. 



Canis carcharias, Aldrov. De Pise. p. 383. 



Habrand, Ascan. Ic. pi. 31. 



Porbeagle, JSorlase, Cofntvall, p. 265, pi. 26. fig. 4 ; Penn. Brit. Zool. 



iii. p. 103, or, edit. 1812, iii. p. 152 ; Goodenoiigh, Trans. Linn. Soc. 



iii. p. 80, pi. 15 ; Couch, Fish. Brit. Isl. i. p. 41, pi. 8. 

 Beaumaris Shark, Penn. Brit. Zool. iii. p. 104, t. 17, or, edit. 1812, iii. 



p. 154, pi. 20. 

 Squalus comubicus, Gm. L. i. p. 1497 ; Bl. Sch"^. ^. 132; Tu7-t. Brit. 



Fmm. p. 113 ; Donovan, Brit. Fish. v. p. 108 ; Neill, Werner. Me?n. 



i. p. 549 ; Blainv. Faun. Fr. p. 96, pi. 14. fig. 2 ; Jenyns, Man. 



p. 500 ; Wright 8f Ekstr. p. 135, tab. 30. 

 ? Squalus iong-nez, Lacep. i. p. 216, pi. 2. fig. 3. 

 Touille-boeuf, Loutre, or Taupe de mer, Duhamel, Pesches, ix. p. 298, 



pi. 20. fig. 4. 



* I have examined fresh specimens of both the European species of from 3 to 

 4 feet in length. In the Porbeagle there was no spiracle ; but a minute pore- 

 like foramen could be seen on one side of an example of L. spallanzatii. Under 

 these circumstances I think it better to class Lamna with the genera without 

 spiracles. These npenings have been used as a family character ." 



