5. roRVKDO. 449 



confluent into a quadrunguhir valve. Teeth pointed. Spiracles at 

 a short distance behind the eyes. An electric apparatus between 

 the head and pectoral fins. 



Mediterranean, Atlantic, and Indian Ocean. 



We refer for the extremely numerous publications on the anatomy 

 and ])h3^siology of tlie electric orp:an to Cams and Enj^elmann, Bib- 

 liotheca Zooloo-ion, ii. ISOl, pp. 101^7-1049. 



1 . Torpedo hebetans. 



Torpedo hebetans, Lowe, 'J'ratis. ZooL Soc. ii. (1841) p. IDo. 



nol)iliana, Hojiap. Ftmn. Ital. Peso. ; Miill. ty Iltiile, p. 128 ; 



Yctrr. Brit. Fish. 2nd edit. ii. p. r)4<), or ord edit. ii. p. 544 ; Dit- 



meril, Mus))ni}>r. p. •'512. 

 walshii, Tliompsoti, Aim. Xat. Ili^^t. 1840, v. p. 292, or Nat. 



Hi fit. Ircl. iv. p. 2-")() 

 ? Torpedo emarp-inata, 3FCoi/, Attn. Nut. Hist. 1841, vi. p. 407. 

 Torpedo iii<rra, (hdc.hvn. Erplor. Alf/er. I'oi.'in. p. 181, pi. 8. 

 Torpedo, Cuttc/i, Fis/t. Brit. Isl. i. pi. oO. 



Spiracles not friii<i;ed ; their distance IVom the eyes is but little 

 more than their own diameter. The lirst dorsal tin is twice as large 

 as the second, and situated nearly entirely behind the root of tho 

 ventrals. Mouth crescent-shaped. Uniform blac^k above, or with 

 small white dots. 



Mediterranean and Atlantic. 



a. Yoimg. Madeira. Presented by the Ecv. R. T. Lowe. — Type of 



the species. 

 6. Adult, skin. Purchased of Mr. rariiell. 

 c-d. Adult : skins. Purchased of Mr. Yarrell. 

 e. Adult : skin. Plymouth. Presented by Lieut. H. F. Spencc, 



R.N. 



2. Torpedo narce. 



SdpKn, Aridot. Hist. Anini. ii. c. 13, 15; v. c. 5, 11 ; vi. c. 10, 11 ; 



ix. c. 37 ; /Eliati. Nat. Animal, i. c. 30; v. e. 37 ; ix. c. 14; Athen. 



lib. vii. 

 Torpedo, Plin. Hist. Mtind. ix. c. 10, 24, 42, & 51 ; xxxii. c. 9 & 1 1 ; 



Sttlciaii. p. 142, tab. 48 ; Bellon. Aqitat. i. p. 93; Ge.me,; Aqiiat. iv. 



p. 988; Rondel Hb. xii. c. 19, pp. .358. 302; 1Vilhi(/hl>i/, -p. Si, 



tab. D 4. 

 Raja, sp., Artedi, Synon. p. 102. no. 10. 

 Narcacion, sp., Kkin, Pise. Miss. iii. p. 31. nos. 1 & 2. 

 Tremuelga, Cornide, p. 123. 

 Raja torpedo, Gm. L. Syst. Nat. i. p. 1504; BJooh, Ausl. Fisch. i. 



p. 44, tab. 122 ; Bl. Schn. p. 358 ; Blumenhaeli, Abbild. taf. 57 : 



Geoffr. St.-Hil. in Ann. Mus. i. p. 392, tab. 26. fig. 1. 



uarce, Nardo, Prodr. Ichth. Adr. uo. 4. 



Torpedo uarke, Risso, Ichth. Nice, p. 8, and Fur. 3lSrid. iii. p. 142 ; 



Cuv. Regnc An. ; Bonap. Fatm. Ital. Pesc. 

 unimaculata, Risso, Ichth. Nice, p. 19, pi. 3. tig. 3, and Fur. 



3/mW. iii. p. 143, fig. 8. 

 ocellata, Rudolpht, Grundr. Physiol, i. p. 109; Olfrr-t, Torpedo, 



p. 0, tab. 1. fig. 3; Henle, Narcin. p. 30. 

 VOL. Vlll. o (■ 



