464 RAJID^. 



Raja leiobatos, Gronov. Si/st. ed. Gray, p. 10. 



intermedia, Paniell, 'Proc. R. Soc. Edinb. 1837, p. 16G ; Tram. 



R. Hoc. Edinb. 1H;59, xiv. p. 42! >, pi. G; JFerncr. Mem. vii. p. 429, 



pi. 40 ; YarreU, Brit. Fi>^h. 2nd or.'Jrd edit. ii. p. 5o8 ; M'Coy, Ann. 



c*J- Mag. Nat. Hist. 1841, vi. p. 40G (not Cuiich). 

 Lc'Bviraja niacrorhynclius, Couc/i, Eitih. Brit. Id. i. p. G(51. 

 Development: Wi/man, Mem. Amor. Ac. 1864, ix. p. 31, or Ann.Sf 



May. Nat. Hid'^SM, xiv. p. 39!). 



Snout long, produced, pointed, the width of the interorbital space 

 being one-third or, in very old ('xam])los, more than one-third of the 

 distance of the eye from the end of the snout. The anterior projile 

 (from the snout to the angle of the pectoral fin) is deej>h/ emdrgi- 

 nate, nut or hutsVKihtJji uiidnlated . Mojidh transverse, nearly straiylit. 

 Teeth somewhat pointed, in about ^^'1 or 5G series in the upper jaw. 

 Outer pectoral angle produced and rather pointed. Body rouph in 

 adult female examples, but nearly smooth or with patches of minute 

 asperities, more numerous on the up])er and lower sides of the snout 

 than in any other region ; males nearly smooth. Body ivitliont larger 

 spines, except one in front and behind the eye in young examples ; one 

 or three series of large spines oji the tail. Disk much broader than 

 long. Upper surface of the body dark olive-green, uniform or with 

 numerous large white spots ; und(!r surface dark grey, with minute 

 specks of a deeiier cohiur. 



Coasts of Europe. 



a. Adult female, 5| feet broad and 6| feet long : stuffed. German 



Ocean. Purchased. 

 h. Adult male. English coast. Purchased on May 11th, which is 



evidently the breeding-season. 

 c-f. Half-grown and young : stuffed and skins. Firth of Forth. 



Purchased of Mr. ParneU. 

 g-m. Half-grown and young : stuffed and skins. English coasts. 

 n-o. Half-grown : skins. Plymouth. 

 p. Young: skin. Holland. From Gmnow's Collection. 

 q-T. Young. Purchased. 

 s-t. Jaws of adult examples. 



Var. intermedia. This form has the snout rather more produced 

 than typical R. hatis. The absence of the lateral series of spities on 

 the tail is not a distinctive character, as that series is frequently 

 absent in R. hatis, whilst, on the other hand, examples of R. inter- 

 media show some spines on the side of the tail. It is not improbable 

 that these specimens are hybrids between R. batis and some other of 

 the long-snouted species. 



a-b. Types of B. intermedia. Firth of Forth. Purchased of Mr. 

 ParneU. 



Raja {Uraptera) hino-ulaia, Girard, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sc. Philad. 

 1854, p. li)6, and U. S. & Pac. R.R. Expcd. Fish. p. 373 ; Dumeril, 

 Klasraobr. p. 574, from ('alifornia, may be regarded as a climatic 

 varic^tv of H. Iiatis. It diifors from the Knropeaii form in having a 



