11. HAJA. 407 



figfl. 2-5, from the Mediterranean.may be identical with this species. 

 It is true that the chief character, viz. the unequal size of the median 

 spines, is not indicated in the figure ; but then this figure cannot be 

 very accurate, as, for instance, the supraorbital spines, mentioned in 

 the description, are omitted. 



20. Raja smithii. 

 Mull. ^ Henle, p. 150, pi. 48. fig. 1 ; Biimiril, Elasmobr. p. 653. 



Snout long and jwiiitcd, the width of the interorhitnl sconce being nearly 

 one-fourth of the distance of the eye from the end of the snout. The an- 

 terior profile (from the snout to the angle of the pectoral fin) is but 

 slightly emarginate. The outer pectoral angle is nearly a right one. 

 Upper parts of the body covered with minute, rather distant, four- or 

 five-rooted ossifications ; lower parts smooth. A series of strong spiues 

 radiated longitudinally and transversely along the median line of the 

 back and tail ; no spines on the side of the tail. Teeth in 28 series 

 in the upper jaw, with a pointed keel in the female. Dark brown 

 above, white below. 



South Africa ; Bosphorus ? 



a. Type of the species : skin of a female, 21 inches long. Presented 

 by Sir A. Smith. 



21. Raja fullonica. 



Shagreen Ray. 



Raja, sp. no. (5, Artedi, Gen. p. 72, and Synon. p. 101. 



Raja fiiUonica, L. Si/st. Nat. i. p. 39G ; Ascan. Ic. tab. 43 ; Bl. Schu 



p. 367 ; Risso, Ichth. Nice, p. G (not Eur. Merid.) ; Fries, Vet. Ah. 



Handl. 1838, p. 150, tab. 2. fig. 2; Miill. Sf Henle, p. 145 ; Yarr. 



Brit. Fish. 2nd edit. ii. p. 578, and 3rd edit. iii. p. 577 ; Krinj. 



Danm. Fish. iii. p. 290. 

 Shagreen Ray, Pcnn. Brit. Zool. iii. p. 77, and, ed. 1812, iii. p. 117 ; 



Couch, Fish. Brit. Isl. i. p. 117, pi. 29. 

 Raja granulosa, Bl. Schn. p. 3t>8. 



flossada, Itisso, Eur. Merid. iii. p. 145. 



chagrinea, Montag. Werner. Mem. ii. p. 420, pi. 21 ; Paritell, 



Trans. R. Soc. Edinb. 1840, xiv. p. 144, or JFemer. Mem. vii. p. 431, 



pi. 41 ; Jcnyns, Man. p. 513 ; Dumeril, Elasmohr. p. 660. 

 aspera, Flem. Brit. An. p. 172. 



Snout long, produced, pointed, the width of the interorbital space 

 being one-third jof the distance of the eye from the end of the snout. 

 The anterior profile (from the snout to the angle of the pectoral fin) 

 is distinctly emarginate and undulated. Teeth slender, pointed in 

 both sexes, in about 60 rows in the upper jaw. The outer pectoral 

 angle is a right one. Body covered with minute asperities above and 

 below ; but in the male large patches arc naked. A series of spines 

 along the superciliary, margin ; a median scries of spines between the 

 occiput and dorsal carjLilage ; scarcely any spines between tlie latter 

 point and the tail. Back of the tail vith a dotdJe srrirs of strong 

 spines, none along the median line. The width of tlie disk is equal 



2h 2 



