54 



PEBCIDJi:. 



/3. Pi/lo7Hc appendages in increased /lunibcr. 



* Praopercidum with spinojis teeth at the lower limb. Natural 



characters of I'kctropoma 28. Th aciiypom a. 



* Praoperculum finely serrated Dorsal with nine slender 



spines; operculum spiniferous ; scales moderate b'2. Auripis. 



b. With four or five anal spines. 

 Scales sometimes osseous. Body high, triangular; anal fin 

 with five spines ; jwajoperculum denticulated ; opercidum 

 rounded 39. Pentaceros. 



c. Anal sv'ies none. 

 No true scales ; osseous protuberances 4<). Okkoso-ma. 



B. Canine teeth at the outer side of the villiform bauds. 



1. Two dorsals. 



* Anal with two spines. 



a. Scales sinall, adherent. Twelve to foui-teen dorsal spines ; 



operculum spiniferous ; proeoperculum with a simple ser- 

 rated edge 11. Llcioperca. 



b. Scales large, deciduous. Six dorsal spines ; proeoperculum 



with a double serrated edge 46. Ciiilodipterus. 



* Anal with three spines. 



a. Operculum produced into a long, denticiUated point 49. Ackopoma. 



b. Operculum urifh two points, not denticulated ; scales moderate, 



adlierent. Nine dorsal spines 15. Etelis. 



c. Operculum with two feeble points ; sccdes moderate, deciduous. 



Eight dorsal spines ; no denticulations on the bones of 



the skull 47. Scombkops. 



2. One dorsal. 



a. Canines very small. Vomerine teeth in an angidar band or 



a short triangular patch. Dorsal generally with the for- 

 mula — anal with — ; operculum spiniferous ; pra;oper- 



culum serrated, without notch ; scales moderate or rather 



small -1- Centkopkistis. 



b. Canines distinct. 



a. Scales moderate. 



aa. Prceopcrculum serrated. 



aa. Snout short, blunt, with a rather narrow proc- 

 orbital ; dorsal generally with ten, anal with 

 three si)ines ; caudalis forked, and mostly one 

 or several of the fins elongate; operculum 

 spiniferous 23. Antiua.s. 



/3;J. Snout rather elongate and high, with flat sides, 

 and with a large broad praorbital. 



* Prceopcrculu/n without or with a very 



open notch behind 37. MEsoputON. 



* Praopercidum with a deep notch, re- 



ceivivg a knob of infcropcreulum 30. Ge.nvokoge. 



lib. Prceopdrulum entire. Dor^il with ten, anal with 



three spines ; opcrculiini .spiniferous 19. Apriom. 



