15. UKNTEX. 3(57 



Sparus dentex, L. Gm. p. 1278 ; Bl. taf. 268 ; Bl. Schn. p. 271 ; Lucep. 



iv. p. 121 ; Hisso, Ichth. Nice, p. 253 ; De la Roche, Ann. 3Itis. xiii. 



p. 317. 

 Duhamel, Peches, ii. c. 2. p. 251. 

 Cichla dentex, Bl. Schn. p. 337. 

 Sparus cetti, Binso, Ichth. Nice, p. 256. 

 Dentex cetti, Risso, Eur. Merid. iii. p. 256. 

 vulgaris, Cur. 8f Val. vi. p. 220. pi. 153; t'lem.Bnt. Anim. p. 212 ; 



Jen. Man. p. 357 ; Yarr. Brit. Fish. i. p. 127 ; GidcJien. Explor. 



Alffer. Poiss. p. 51 ; Webb ^ Berthel. Isles Canar. Poiss. p. 3(5. 



13. 6. D.i^. A.|. L. lat. 60. L. transv. 7/16. Cecc. pylor. 5. 



Vert. 10/14. 



The height of the body is 3^^ in the total length, the length of the 

 head 3| ; the diameter of the eye is 5^ in tiie latter, and 2^ in that 

 of the snout. The prseorbital is very large, its height being nearly 

 twice that of the eye. There are eight series of scales between the 

 prseorbital and the angle of the prseopcrciilum, the Hmb of which is 

 also partly covered with small, irregular scales. In each of the jaws 

 fom: canine teeth, the outer pair of which is much stronger than the 

 inner one. The spines of the fins are rather slender and flexible ; the 

 fourth of the dorsal is the longest, and 2| in the length of the head. 

 CaudaHs forked. The third anal spine rather longer than the second, 

 and rather shorter than the first ray ; the posterior rays of the dorsal 

 and anal fins slightly elongate. Bluish silvery, Avith some h-regular 

 blackish dots on the back ; axil blackish. 



Mediterranean ; Canary Islands ; Coast of England (occasional). 



a. Adult : skeleton. Adriatic. Purchased of Mr. Frank. 

 6. Fine specimen. Dalmatia. Pm-chased of Dr. Heckel. 



c. Half-grown. Lisbon. Presented by W. Swainson, Esq. 



d, e. Young: stuffed: not good state. Lisbon. Presented by G. 



Hough, Esq. 



/. Adult. Madeira. Presented by the Rev. R. T. LoAve. 

 g. Young : bad state. Old Collection. 



h. Adult : bad state. Purchased of Mr. Frank. 



Skeleton. — The upper maxiUary bone is oblong, flat, with the pos- 

 terior inferior angle forming a prominence, to which the extremity 

 of the intermaxillary is joined ; the intermaxillary tapers little, is 

 rather broad at the base, and has the posterior processes nearly as 

 long as the descending branches, although they do not reach back- 

 wards to the vertical from the anterior margin of the orbit. The 

 mandibulary is moderately elongate and elevated, and has a ver^ 

 distinct muciferous channel wiiji fom- elliptical openings. Thp head 

 of the vomer is broad, slightly excavated and rounded anteriorly ; 

 the palatine bones have a nearly vertical situation. The turbinal 

 bones are veiy elongate, tubuliform ; the prteorbital veiy large, qua- 

 di'angular ; there is a bony plate at the inner side of the infraorbital 

 ring. The lower limb of the praeoperculum is only one-half the length 

 of the posterior ; both meet at a rather obtuse angle, which, however, 

 is rounded ; long slits and openings lead into a channel along the 



