484 SPAKID.!:. 



pendages in small number ; air-bladder sometimes notched, or with 

 very short appendages. 



Ronjid the coasts of Africa ; Indian Ocean ; East Indian Rcas . 

 Pacific ; Atlantic coasts of the United States. 



1. Chrysophrys aurata. 



Xpi(TO(f)pvs, Aristot. i. c. 5, ii. c. 17, iv. c. 10, v. c. 10, vi. c. 17, viii. 



c. 2, 1.3, 15, 19 ; Athen. vii. p. 328 ; Mian, xiii. c. 28, xvi. c. 12 ; 



Oppian, i. p. 7. 

 Aurata, Colmnell. viii. c. 16 ; Plin. ix. c. 16 ; Bellon. pp. 192, 198 ; 



Rondel, v. c. 2. p. 115; Salman, fol. 174. b. 175; Gesner, pp. 110, 



128; Willughhy, p. 307. tab. 5. fig. 6 ; Ray, p. 131. 

 Aurata vulgaris, Aldrov. ii. c. 15. p. 171. 

 Sparus, DO. 1, Artedi, Genera, p. 35 ; Gronuv. Mm. Ichthyol. p. 38. 



no. 90. 

 Sparus aurata, L. Syst. Nat. i. p. 467 ; Ilasselq. Ita- Palest, p. 337 ; 



L. Gm. p. 1270; Bl. taf. 206?; Bl. Schn. p. 270; Risso, Ichthyol. 



Nice, p. 234 ; Briimiich, Pise. Mass. p. 36 ; Lacep. iv. p. 57 ; 3Iar- 



tens, Keise nach Venedig, ii. p. 424. 

 Duhamel, Peches, ii. sect. 4. pi. 11. f. 1. 

 Mochar, Osbeck, Nov. Act. Nat. Cur. iv. p. 100. 

 Sparus scriptus, Bl. Schn. p. 279. 

 Chrysophrys aurata, Cuv, Sf Val. vi. p. 86. pi. 145 ; Guichen. Explnr 



Scient. AlgSr. Poiss. p. 48; Ynrrell, Brit. Fishes, i. p. Ill ; White, 



Catal. Brit. Fishes, p. 17 *. 



D. i^. A. p,. L. lat. 76. L. transv. 8/17. Csec. pylor. 4. 

 Vert. 10/14. 



The height of the body is 83 in the total length, the length of the 

 head four times ; the distance between the eyes is rather more than 

 their diameter, which is If in the length of the snout. The praeor- 

 bital is 1| as long as high ; a slight protuberance above the upper 

 anterior angle of the eye. Dorsal spines moderate, of equal strength ; 

 the second and third anal spines nearly equal in size, one-fourth of 

 the length of the head. The spinous portion of the dorsal conspi- 

 cuously higher than the soft. Back bluish, belly silvery ; a dark 

 violet blotch above the angle of the operculum ; a bright yellow band 

 between the eyes. 



Mediterranean ; western shores of the Peninsula and of France. 

 Occasionally southern shores of England. 



a. Adult. Dalmatia. 



h. Half-grown. South Devonshire. Museum Leach. 



f . Adult : stuffed. English coast. 



2. Chrysophrys crassirostris. 

 Cuv. 8f. Val. vi. p. 98. pi. 146. 



Ti,]l, A,l, L. lat. 85. 

 The height of the body is 3^ in the total length, the length of tho 



* The skin, mentioned by Mr. White as in the Collection of the British Museum, 

 was afterwards referred by him to Pagrus orphitx. 



