1. GADUS. 337 



Gadus polaris, Richards. I, e. p. 247 ; Nilss. Skand. Faun, iv. p. 569. 



agilis, Reinh. Vidensk. Selsk. Afhandl. vii. p. 126; Nihs. I.e. p. 568. 



Merlangus polaris, Sabine, App. Parry's First Voy. p. 211 ; Ross, App. 

 Parry's Third Voy. p. 110; Richards. Last Arct. Voy. p. 373. 

 D. 12-14 I 13-16 I 20-22. A. 15-17 | 20-23. 

 Baxbel minute and sometimes entirely absent. Snout somewhat 

 longer than the eye, with the lower jaw longest. The width of the 

 orbit equals that of the interorbital space, and is somewhat less than 

 one-fourth of the length of the head ; body low, tail slender, caudal 

 slightly forked. The length of the head is contained thrice and two- 

 thirds in the total. Fins separated by interspaces. The vent is 

 situated vertically below the anterior rays of the middle dorsal. Pro- 

 portions of the fins : — 



ID. 2D. 3D. 1 A. 2 A. 

 11 : 13 : 16 : 15 : 17 

 or 81 : 10 : 11 : 11| '• H 

 or 9 : 13 : 14 : 15 : 13i 

 or 7 : 8 : 8| : 10 : , 8 

 Head, body and fins minutely dotted with black : the dots on the 

 dorsals and on the pectoral are much crowded, so that these fins are 

 nearly entirely black, whilst they occupy only the lower half on the 

 anal fins. 



North polar regions of the western hemisphere. Iceland. 



a, b. Half-grown. Bafiin's Bay. Presented by Colonel Sabine, R.E. 

 c. Adult. Beechey Island. Presented by Dr. Lyell. 

 d-f, g-h, i-k, t-m, n, o. Specimens from 3 to 8 inches long. North 

 Polar Expeditions. From the Haslar Collection. 



12. Gadus saida. 



Lepechin, Nov. Comm. Acad. Scient. Petropol. xviii. 1774, p. 512. tab. 5. 

 fig. 1 ; Bl. Schn. p. 8. 



D. 10-11 I 16-17 I 20. A. 18 | 20. V. 6. Csec. pylor. 35-40. 

 Barbel minute. Snout longer than the eye, with the lower jaw 

 longest. The height of the body is less than the length of the head, 

 and two-ninths of the total (without caudal). The vent is situated 

 vertically below the last rays of the first dorsal. Anal fins not con- 

 tinuous, close together. Caudal emarginate. Proportions of the fins : — 

 ID. 2D. 3D. 1 A. 2 A. 

 1-2 : 1-3 : 1 : 14 : 1-3 

 Coloration uniform. 

 White Sea. 



Lepechin adds to his description an account of the anatomy of this 

 species. 



13. Gadus esmarMi. 



Gadus minutus, Esmarh, Forh. Naturf. Mote i Christ. 1844, p. 231. 

 — — esmarkii, Nilss. Skand. Faun. iv. p. 565. 



D. 16 I 23 1 23-27. A. 26-27 | 24-28. 



Barbel slender, shorter than the eye. Snout subconical, as long as 



VOL. IV. z 



