5. GONOSTOMA. 391 



globular body ; there are twenty-three pairs between the throat and 

 the ventral fins, those of the isthmus included. 



Mediterranean. 

 a—b. One inch and a half long. 

 c-d. One inch and a half long. From the Haslar Hospital. 



Third Group. CHAULIODONTINA. 



Sternoptychoids with thin, deciduous scales, and without pseudo- 

 branchiae. 



5. GONOSTOMA. 



Gonostonia {Hq/in.), Bonap. Faun. Ital. Pesc. 



Body oblong, compressed, covered with large scales, subequal in 

 size. Series of luminous (phosphorescent) spots run along the bran- 

 chiostegous membrane and along the lower side of the body and tail. 

 Head much compressed, with the bones thin, but ossified. Cleft of 

 the mouth very wide ; intermaxillary short, not extending far below 

 the level of the eye ; maxillary much longer, forming nearly the 

 entire margin of the jaw : both jaws armed with a single series of 

 teeth unequal in size, minute ones alternating with long pointed 

 teeth. A band of minute teeth on the palatine and pterygoid bones ; 

 palatine with a few conical teeth in front. Eye of moderate size. 

 Pectoral and ventral fins well developed. Dorsal fin on the hinder 

 half of the body, opposite the anal ; adipose fin small, sometimes 

 fimbriated. Anal long. Caudal forked. Gill-opening very wide, 

 the outer branchial arch extending forward to behind the symphysis 

 of the lower jaw, and beset with very long gill-rakers. Branchio- 

 stegals thirteen or fourteen. Pseudobranchiae none. Air-bladder 

 none. 



Pelagic fishes, inhabiting the Mediterranean and the neighbouring 

 parts of the Atlantic. 



1. Gonostoma denudatum. 



Gonostoma denudata (Rqfin.), Bonap. Faun. Ital. Pesc. c. fig ; Cuv. 



$ Vol. xxii. p. 376 ; Johnson, Ann. $■ Mag. Nat. Hist. 1862, x. p. 279. 

 Gasteropelecus acanthurus, Cocco, Giorn. Sc. Sic. 1829, fasc. 77. p. 145. 

 Gonostomus acanthurus, Cocco, Lett. s. Salmon, in N. Ann. Sc. Nat. 



Bol. fasc. 9. p. 3. tab. 1. fig. 1. 



D. 14-15. A. 30-31. V. 8. L. lat. ca 32. 

 The cheek is entirely covered by the exceedingly broad infraorbital 

 bone. Each intermaxillary with two, each maxillary with twelve or 

 thirteen long pointed teeth. 



Mediterranean. Sea of Madeira. 

 a. Five inches and two-thirds long. Madeira. Presented by J. Y. 



Johnson, Esq. 

 b-c. Five inches long. Sicily. 



d-e. From three to four inches long. Messina. Presented by Dr. 

 Ruppell. 



