10. sums. 41 y 



The length of the head is two-sevenths or one-fourth of the total 

 (without caudal). Pectoral and ventral fins very short. 

 Mediterranean ; Madeira. 



a. Seven and a half inches long: not good state. Madeira. Pre- 

 sented by J. Y. Johnson, Esq. 



It is possible that two or three species have been confounded in 

 the synonymy given above, for whilst Risso figures his specimen with 

 the ventral fins attached in front of the dorsal, Cuvier and Johnson 

 represent them as situated below the dorsal fin. Furthermore, the 

 question arises whether the figure given by Risso is not intended 

 for Svdis hyalina. It also appears as if the species from Madeira 

 had the head comparatively longer than the species from the Medi- 

 terranean. Doubtful points like these are not solved by the practice 

 of giving a distinct specific name to the types described by the 

 several authors, but can only be settled by those who have complete 

 material. 



3. Paralepis borealis. 



? Clupea encrasicholus, Fabr. Faun. Gronl. no. 130. p. 183. 

 Paralepis borealis, JReinhardt, Nature . og Mathem. Afkandl.vu. pp. 115 



& 125 ; Kroyer, Naturh. Tidssk. 1846, ii. p. 241, and in Gaim. Voy. 



Scand. Atl. Poiss. pi. 16 B. fig. 1. 



B. 7. D. 8. A. 32. P. 11. V. 9. 

 The length of the head is two-ninths of the total (without caudal). 

 Pectoral and ventral fins small, the latter inserted behind the dorsal. 

 Greenland. 



10. SUDIS. 



Sudis, Rajvnesque. 



Head and body elongate, compressed, covered with very thin and 

 deciduous scales, only those of the lateral line being adherent. Snout 

 long, compressed, elevated ; cleft of the mouth very wide ; maxillary 

 closely adherent to the intermaxillary. Teeth very unequal in size, 

 arranged in single series : those of the intermaxillary are equally 

 minute, whilst the mandible is armed with four or five very long, 

 pointed, widely set canines ; palatine bones with a few pointed teeth 

 of moderate size anteriorly. Eye of moderate size. Pectoral fins 

 well developed ; ventrals inserted at a considerable distance from the 

 root of the pectorals, in front of the dorsal fin. Dorsal fin short, 

 behind the middle of the length of the body; adipose fin small ; anal 

 elongate ; caudal emarginate. Gill-opening very wide ; pseudo- 

 branchiae well developed. 



Mediterranean. 



This genus is closely allied to Paralepis. 



rays are sufficiently preserved to ascertain their number ; whilst the ventrals are 

 so much destroyed, that even their position, whether below or in front of the 

 dorsal fin, remains doubtful. 



2e2 



