18 TOPOGRAPHICAL ANATOMY OF THE 



vertebnF, the border of the wing of the atlas, and, by a thin aponeurotic 

 tendon, to the mastoid portion of the temporal bone and the superior 

 nuchal line of the occipital. 



The superficial face of the muscle is cleaned with some degree of 

 difficulty because of the close adhesion to it of the cervical fascia and 

 the cutaneous muscle ; and its deep face is adherent to the omo-hyoid 

 muscle. The thin temporal and occipital tendon is fused with the 

 splenius and longissimus capitis, and is connected with the tendon of 

 insertion of the sterno-cephalic muscle by an aponeurotic sheet. 



When the surface of the muscle has been divested of fascia, an 

 imperfect division into two parts along a line indicated by the super- 

 ficial rami of the ventral branches of the cervical nerves may be 

 determined. The cleido-mastoid part (m. cleidomastoideus), attached 

 to the temporal and occipital bones, partly overlaps the rest of the 

 muscle (m. cleidotransversarius). 



Dissection. — The brachio-cephalic muscle should be cut across at the 

 shoulder joint and turned aside. Its close adhesion to the underlying 

 omo-hyoid muscle renders the reflection somewliat difficult. 



The superficial cervical lymph glands (lymphoglandulas cervicales 



superficiales) occupy a triangular space bounded by the brachio-cephalic, 



omo-hyoid and deep pectoral muscles. Thej^ frequently reach and 



appear to blend with the caudal cervical glands. 



A. CERVICALIS ASCENDENS. — The ascending cervical ^ artery is one 

 of the two divisions of the omo-cervical trunk. It crosses the lateral 

 face of the jugular vein, is related for a short distance to the border of 

 the prescapular part of the deep pectoral muscle and the superficial 

 cervical lymph glands, and then runs between the omo-hyoid and 

 brachio-cephalic muscles. 



M. SERRATUS VENTRALIS (cERVicis). — Though the ventral serrate ^ 

 muscle belongs, strictly speaking, to the thoracic limb, the dissector of 

 the neck should examine its attachment to the transverse processes of 

 the last four (or five) cervical vertebrje. This having been done, the 

 remains of the muscle should be removed. 



M. SPLENIUS. — The thin triangular splenius ^ muscle arises by an 

 aponeurotic tendon from the spinous processes of the second, third and 

 fourth thoracic vertebras, where it is confused with the origin of the 

 dorsal serratus muscle, and from the ligamentum nuchas. It has fleshy 

 insertions into the transverse processes of the fifth, fourth and third 

 (sometimes second) cervical vertebrae. Some of its fibres blend with 



^ Cervicalis [L.], pertaining to the neck (cervix). 



2 Serratus (from serra, a saw) [L.], toothed or notched like the edge of a saw. 



3 (xir\T)viov (splenion) [Gr.], a bandage. 



