INTENSIVE AND SEMIINTENSIl'E POULTRY-KEEPING 



morning, and remov'cd out- 

 side to sweeten ; the sprink- 

 ling of a little dry sand or 

 earth thereon before replacing 

 at night will assist cleanliness 

 m this respect. 



" If on entering the house 

 any smell of ammonia is de- 

 tected, it is a sure sign that 

 the litter is damp, and if still 

 present after a thorough rak- 

 ing and cleansing, the littcr 

 must be removed and fresh 

 supplied. I consider this 

 absolutely necessary ; and in 

 order to assist dryness, and 

 also save cost of frequent re- 

 newal of litter, I strongl)- 

 recommend the use in all 

 houses of boarded floors 

 raised at least 6 in. off the 

 ground. In this w a y, 

 and by using suitable litter, 

 be constantly sifted, and so kept thoroughly 

 clean, and treated thus will keep sweet and 



Range of Small Coops for Rearing Young Stock on Mrs. Baynes's Plant. 

 Also Useful for Moulting Hens. 



the latter can 



A Small Intensive Breeding Pen for Ten Birds. The Nesi Boxes are at 



Back, the Adjustable Roof is Raised, and the Hessian Rain-shutter in Front 



is Down. 



good for six months at a time without needing 



renewal. All houses must be open-fronted 



with sliutters for bad weather protection, and 



stufty houses avoided at all 



costs, for they are prolific 



causes of disease." 



As to litter, Mrs. Baynes 

 first used a depth of 2 in. of 

 dry soil or sand upon the 

 board floor, covered by about 

 3 in. or 4 in. of wheat chafl^. 

 She found this an excellent 

 scratching material, but for 

 some time past has utilised 

 cedar wood shavings in place 

 of the chaff, as less subject to 

 damp in our moisture-laden 

 atmosphere. Other intensive 

 poultry-keepers use instead 

 whole straw bedded fairly 

 deep, the birds in their vigor- 

 ous scratching soon breaking 

 up the straw into short 

 lengths, and it is held for this 

 system that the droppings 

 falling through are more 

 easily removed than on mate- 

 rial of shorter length. We 

 have used oat c a v- 

 ings, pea haulms and dry 

 leaves, combined with dry 

 sand, all with equally good 

 results, the sine qua nan 

 being that the litter is dry, 

 the reasons for which are 

 well set forth in Major 



