256 



hundreds in the case of common frogs. Ten species of these frogs yielded 

 Trematodes, of which fifteen species are described as new. These were exa- 

 mined alive, mounted in normal saline solution, stained and mounted as 

 whole mounts, and by means of sections. The new species are 1) Polysto- 

 mwm bulliense from the bladder of Hyla phylochroa; 2 Diplodiseus mega- 

 lochrus from the rectum of //. aurea and Limnodynastes peronii; 3 Diplo- 

 docus microchus from the rectum of //. < wingii and L. tasììianit nsis; 4) Doii- 

 chosaccus trypherus, gen. nov.. sp. n., from the duodenum of II. aurea and 

 L. peronii; 5) Dolichosaecus ischyrus from the intestine of II. eœrula and 

 L. dorsalis; 6) Dolichosaecus diamesus from the stomach of II. freycineti; 

 7) Brachysaccus anartius, gen. nov., sp. n., from the intestine and rectum of 

 H. aurea and L. peronii; 8) B. symmetrus from the rectum of II. eœrula; 



9) Pneumonœces /instruits from the lungs of II. aurea and L. peronii; 



10) Qorgodera australiensis from the bladder of II. aurea and L. peronii; 



11) Mt sncnl'niui mesembrinus from the duodenum of IL eœrulea; 12) M. olir 

 ijoon from the intestine of H. citropus) 13) ilf. megaloon from the duodenum 

 of //. ewingii; 14) Pleurogenes freycineti from the duodenum of //. freycineti; 

 15) Picurogencs solus from the intestine of //. aurea. When studying living 

 specimens of Doll 'chosaccus trypherus under the microscope, the process of 

 egg-formation was repeatedly observed, and Laurei s Canal seen in action. 

 The ripe ova burst out from the ovary, one at a time, and are immediately 

 fertilised in the extensive fertilisation-space; the sperms that have attacked 

 the ovum, but failed to make an entrance, fall away and enter Laure r's canal, 

 which is here long and convoluted, and make a rapid passage to the exterior. 

 The fertilised egg-cell now enters the ootype, and here four yolk-cells are 

 added to it: the whole mass is then rolled and kneaded by the walls of the 

 ootype into an oval form, the shell becomes formed, and the completed egg 

 passed on into the uterus. The members of this group of Trematodes from 

 Australian frogs find their nearest relations in those Trematodes found in 

 Amphibia of other regions. Each species may be looked upon as an Austra- 

 lian representative of a corresponding European form, with, in some cases, 

 closely related forms in America and Asia. Sometimes all the representa- 

 tives are put in the same genus, e.g., Pneumonœces; whilst in other cases 

 the forms have diverged beyond the limits of natural genera, e.g., species of 

 Mesoeul itati in Asia and Australia representing European and American species 

 of Brachyccelium; in any case, each little group of forms is to be looked 

 upon as descended from a common ancestor. 



III. Personal-Notizen. 



München. 



Prof. Dr. K. Zinnner, Privatdozent an der Universität Breslau und 

 Kustos am dortigen Zoolog. Museum wurde als Konservator und 

 2. Direktor an die Zoologische Staatssammlung nach München berufen. 



Druck von Breitkopf & Härtel in Leipzig. 



