118 INSECTS INJURIOUS TO THE APPLE. 



ajipearance shown at b, and is then about one-eighth of an 

 inch long, and of a yellowish-brown color, with a dark head. 

 Shortly, contracting within its case, it appears as shown at c, 

 and finally transforms to a chrysalis, as seen at/ in the figure. 



There are two broods during the season, the moths appear- 

 ing in May and again in July and August, the first brood of 

 the larvae being found in June, the second brood at the latter 

 end of the season. 



Remedies. — A minute parasitic fly, shown at h in Fig. 1 1 5, 

 attacks this tiny creature and destroys it. (All these figures, 

 except that of the leaf, are much magnified, the short lines 

 at the side or below showing the natural size.) Should these 

 insects prevail to such an extent as to require man's inter- 

 ference, the cases might be scraped from the branches and 

 destroyed during the winter, or the limbs brushed with the 

 alkaline wash or the mixture of sulphur and lime recom- 

 mended for the woolly apple- louse, No. 9. 



No. 53. — The Apple-leaf Bucculatrix. 



Bucculatrix pomifoUella Clemens. 



The larva of this insect feeds externally on the leaves of 

 apple-trees, and is very active, letting itself down from the 

 tree by a silken thread when disturbed. When full grown, 

 it is nearly half an inch long, with a brown head and a dark 

 yellowish-green body, its anterior portion tinged with reddish, 

 and having a few short hairs scattered over its surface. 



When full grown, the caterpillar spins an elongated, whitish 

 cocoon, attached to the twig on the leaves of which it has 

 been feeding ; this cocoon is ribbed longitudinally, as shown 

 at h, Fig. 116, and within this enclosure the larva changes to 

 a brown chrysalis. The second brood is found late in the 

 autumn, the insect remaining in the chrysalis state during the 

 winter. The moths issue the following spring, when they 

 lay eggs for the first brood of caterpillars, which are found 

 injuring the foliage during the month of June. 



The fore wings of the moth (c. Fig. 116) are whitish. 



